不同致敏类型的支气管哮喘患儿外周血T淋巴细胞亚群的差异性研究

Difference of T Lymphocyte Subsets in Peripheral Blood of Children with Bronchial Asthma with Different Sensitization Types

目的 分析支气管哮喘患儿不同致病类型的外周血T淋巴细胞亚群的差异。方法 选取2021年1月—2023年1月徐州医科大学附属徐州儿童医院100例过敏支气管哮喘患儿作为致敏哮喘组,同期100例非过敏引起支气管哮喘患儿作为非致敏哮喘组,同期100例健康儿童作为健康对照组。对比组间外周血T淋巴细胞亚群的差异;并比较单一致敏组和多重致敏组的差异。结果 致敏哮喘组与非致敏哮喘组外周血CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)和CD8^(+)表达水平以及CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);单一致敏组与多重致敏组外周血CD3^(+)[(53.22±7.43)%vs (35.39±3.02)%]、CD4^(+)[(32.81±11.58)%vs (26.39±13.17)%]和CD8^(+)[(26.91±8.43)%vs (30.78±8.44)%]表达水平以及CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)[(1.28±0.46) vs (0.90±0.51)]比较,差异有统计学意义(t=13.749、2.532、-2.203、3.808,P<0.05);致敏哮喘组与健康对照组外周血CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)和CD8^(+)表达水平以及CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 致敏引起的支气管哮喘患儿外周血T淋巴细胞亚群与健康儿童以及未致敏的支气管哮喘均存在明显差异,且单一致敏引起支气管哮喘与多重致敏支气管哮喘儿童相比也存在较大差异。因此,临床治疗应密切观察支气管哮喘患儿的免疫指标并给予对应治疗。

Objective To analyze the difference of T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of different pathogenic types in children with bronchial asthma.Methods A total of one hundred children with allergic bronchial asthma from Xuzhou Children´s Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected as sensitized asthma group,one hundred children with non-allergic bronchial asthma were selected as non-sensitized asthma group,and one hundred healthy children were selected as healthy control group during the same period.The difference of T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood between groups was compared.The difference between single consistent sensitization group and multiple sensitization group was compared.Results There was statistically signifi‐cant differences in the expression levels of CD3^(+),CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)in peripheral blood and the ratio of CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)be‐tween sensitized asthma group and non-sensitized asthma grou(P<0.05).There was statistically significant differences in the expression levels of peripheral blood CD3^(+)[(53.22±7.43)%vs(35.39±3.02)%],CD4^(+)[(32.81±11.58)%vs(26.39±13.17)%],CD8^(+)[(26.91±8.43)%vs(30.78±8.44)%],and CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)[(1.28±0.46)vs(0.90±0.51)]between the single sensitization group and the multiple sensitization group(t=13.749,2.532,-2.203,3.808,P<0.05).There was statistically significant differences in the expression levels of CD3^(+),CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)in peripheral blood and the ratio of CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)between the sensitized asthma group and the healthy control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The T lympho‐cyte subsets in peripheral blood of children with bronchial asthma induced by sensitization were significantly different from those of healthy children and those of unsensitized bronchial asthma,and there was also a greater difference be‐tween children with bronchial asthma induced by single consistent sensitization and children with multiple sensitized bronchial asthma.Therefore,clinical treatment should closely observe the immunological indexes of children with bronchial asthma and give corresponding treatment.