基于多孔材料的抑尘剂组分缓释性能测试方法

Test Method of Sustained Release Performance of Dust Suppressant Components Based on Porous Materials

为有效解决抑尘剂在露天使用过程中易受大气降水侵蚀而导致有效组分流失、有效抑尘作用时间短的问题,提出了一种基于多孔材料的抑尘组分缓释性能的研发思路,确定了抑尘组分吸附率和缓释率的性能评估指标,并设计了对应的室内标准测试方法。采用尼龙滤布包裹30~40目粒径的多孔材料20 g,在质量浓度0.5%的聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)溶液中完全浸泡90 min后取出进行干燥,将多孔材料吸附溶质质量占总溶质质量的百分比作为吸附率;将吸附溶质的多孔材料完全浸泡在纯水中10 min后取出进行干燥,将溶解到水中溶质的质量占总吸附溶质质量的比值作为缓释率。选用活性炭进行了应用试验,结果表明:基于多孔材料的抑尘剂组分具有吸附和缓释功能,选用的吸附率、缓释率测试指标及其测试方法合理可行,所构建的标准测试试验方案具有良好的可操作性,试验测试结果反映出活性炭具有良好的抑尘剂吸附和缓释性能。

In order to effectively solve the problem of dust suppressants losing their active components due to erosion by atmospheric precipitation during outdoor use and having a short dust suppression duration,a study approach based on porous materials for the sustained release of dust suppressant components was proposed.Performance evaluation criteria were established for the adsorption rate and release rate of the dust suppressant components,and corresponding indoor standard testing methods were designed.Nylon filter cloth was used to wrap 20 g of porous material with a particle size of 30~40 mesh.After complete immersion in a 0.5%concentration solution of polyacrylamide(PAM)for 90 minutes,the material was dried.The percentage of the mass of adsorbed solute in the porous material to the total mass of the solute was determined as the adsorption rate.The release rate was determined by completely immersing the adsorbed solute porous material in pure water for 10 minutes,followed by drying,and calculating the ratio of the mass of the solute dissolved in the water to the total mass of the adsorbed solute.The application test was carried out by using activated carbon.The results showed that the dust suppressant components based on porous materials exhibited adsorption and sustained release capabilities.The selected criteria for adsorption rate,release rate,and their testing methods were reasonable and feasible.The standardized test procedure constructed demonstrated good operability.The test results also indicated that activated carbon has good adsorption and sustained release performance of dust suppressant.