基于生存分析法的高校发明专利维持决策影响因素分析

Analysis of Influencing Factors of University Invention PatentMaintenance Time Based on Survival Analysis

高校发明专利的维持情况,一定程度上反映高校专利创造情况,而且对专利技术转移转化有直接影响。高校专利维持决策研究重点关注高校专利维持时间的影响因素。选取我国90所国家211工程重点建设高校发明专利为研究样本,针对其在2007-2012年申请并授权的发明专利,利用加速失效时间模型探究授权发明专利维持的影响因素。结果表明:专利技术先进性、技术稳定性、高校技术转移机构独立性、高校研究与发展人员数量对于发明专利维持情况存在显著影响;发明专利个体特征和高校权利人组织特征会影响发明专利维持情况。为提升高校专利管理水平,提出应优化高校专利考核评价体系、加强专利转化实施、促进高校技术转移机构建设、加强高校科技人才队伍建设等建议。

The maintenance of invention patents in colleges and universities not only reflects part of the patent creation in colleges and universities,but also has a direct impact on the transfer and transformation of patent technology.Therefore,it is necessary to explore the influencing factors of the decision of the maintenance of invention patents in colleges and universities.Patent maintenance time is an important decision of patent maintenance,so the research on university patent maintenance decision focuses on the influencing factors of university patent maintenance time.90 National 211 Project key universities were selected as research samples,aiming at the invention patents applied and authorized by these universities from 2007 to 2012,the accelerated time of failure model was used to explore the factors affecting the maintenance of their authorized invention patents.The results show that the advanced nature of patent technology,the stability of technology,the independence of technology transfer institutions in universities and the number of research and development personnel in universities have significant effects on the maintenance of invention patents.It is proved that the individual characteristics of invention patent and the organizational characteristics of university right holders will affect the maintenance of invention patent.In order to improve the patent management level of colleges and universities,this paper puts forward some optimization suggestions such as optimizing the patent evaluation system,strengthening the implementation of patent transformation,promoting the construction of technology transfer institutions in colleges and universities,and strengthening the construction of scientific and technological talents in colleges and universities.