可控预紧高速电主轴热力耦合建模研究

Research on Thermal-Mechanical Coupling Modeling of Controllable PreloadHigh-Speed Motorized Spindle

为研究可控预紧高速电主轴在运行过程中力学与热态性能,提出一种基于多软件平台联合的热力耦合建模方法。在进行轴承拟静力学建模时考虑离心膨胀、热变形以及载荷的多因素影响。根据电主轴热源与换热条件进行温度场APDL有限元建模,并基于C#.NET与MATLAB混合编程以及Ansys二次开发技术,建立了可控预紧高速电主轴热力耦合模型,并进行了有效性验证和仿真分析。结果表明,该模型准确性可以满足要求;在可控预紧下,轴承工作预紧力随径向载荷与转速的增加而增大;径向刚度及主轴热伸长量均随初始预紧力的增加而提高,对轴承施加合理的预紧力有助于提高主轴加工性能。

To study the mechanical and thermal performance of a controllable preload high-speed motorized spindle during operation,a thermal-mechanical coupling modeling method based on multi-software platform was proposed.The effects of centrifugal expansion,thermal deformation and load are considered in the quasi-static modeling of bearings.According to the heat source and heat transfer conditions of the motorized spindle,the APDL finite element modeling of the temperature field is carried out.Based on the mixed programming of C#.NET and MATLAB and the secondary development technology of Ansys,the thermal coupling model of the controllable preloaded high-speed motorized spindle is established,and the validity verification and simulation analysis are carried out.The results show that the accuracy of the model can meet the requirements.Under controllable preload,the working preload of the bearing increases with the increase of radial load and rotational speed.The radial stiffness and the thermal elongation of the spindle increase with the increase of the initial preload.Applying a reasonable preload to the bearing helps to improve the machining performance of the spindle.