祁门仙寓山油茶根际昆虫病原真菌物种多样性及时间生态位

Species Diversity and Temporal Niche of Entomopathogenic Fungi in Camellia Oleifera Rhizosphere from Xianyu Mountains,Qimen

根际微生物对于寄主植物有着促进生长、防治病虫害等一系列作用。本文选择安徽省黄山市祁门县仙寓山自然保护区自然生长的油茶林,于2021年3月至2021年10月,系统调查研究了该区油茶林根际昆虫病原真菌的物种多样性及时间生态位水平。共采集油茶须根120份,运用稀释平板法分离昆虫病原真菌菌株。共获得247株油茶根际昆虫病原真菌菌株,通过经典形态学和分子生物学鉴定分为3科6属14种。其中,球孢白僵菌Beauveria bassiana、平沙绿僵菌Metarhizium pinghaense、球芽异普可尼亚菌Metapochonia bulbillosa为优势种群,其分离菌株数分别为124、32和28株,占总数的50.2%、12.8%和11.3%;分离得到的紫色绿僵菌M.purpureogenum为中国新纪录。油茶林根际球芽异普可尼亚菌的时间生态位宽度值最大,而布氏白僵菌B.brongniartii、假球孢白僵菌B.pseudobassiana、紫色绿僵菌、罗伯茨绿僵菌M.robertsii和厚垣普可尼亚菌Pochonia chlamydosporia的时间生态位宽度值都较小。昆虫病原真菌之间以布氏白僵菌、瘿绵蚜绿僵菌M.pemphigi、紫色绿僵菌和Leptobacillium muralicola时间生态位重叠值最大,达0.997。

Rhizosphere microorganisms play a series of roles in promoting the growth of host plants and controlling diseases and pests.In this paper,the species diversity and temporal niche of entomopathogenic fungi in the rhizosphere of Camellia oleifera forest in Qimen Xianyu Mountain Nature Reserve were systematically investigated from March 2021 to October 2021.The 120 samples of fibrous roots of C.oleifera were collected from C.oleifera natural forest and isolated entomopathogenic fungi by dilution plate method.The results show that,247 strains of entomopathogenic fungi were obtained from the rhizosphere of C.oleifera,whichwere divided into 3 families,6 genera and 14 species by classical morphological and molecular biological identification.Among them,Beauveria bassiana,Metarhizium pinghaense and Metapochonia bulbillosa were the dominant populations,and the numbers of strains were 124,32 and 28 respectively.They are accounted for 50.2%,12.8%and 11.3%of the total strains.M.purpureogenum was isolated which is a new record in China.Temporal niche breadth value of Meta.bulbillosa was the largest in the rhizosphere of C.oleifera.While B.brongniartii,B.pseudobassiana,M.purpureogenum,M.robertsii and Pochonia chlamydosporia had the smallest niche breadth values.Among the entomopathogenic fungi,B.brongniartii,M.pemphigi,M.purpureogenum and L.muralicola had the largest temporal niche overlap value of 0.997.