拮抗姜瘟病内生细菌的筛选及其生防效果研究

Screening and Biocontrol Characteristics of Endophytic Strains against Ginger Bacterial Wilt

姜瘟病是由青枯雷尔氏菌Ralstonia solanacearum引起的一种土传细菌型病害,该病害严重制约生姜产业的发展。本研究对生姜根内细菌进行分离,初步筛选出7株青枯菌的拮抗细菌,经鉴定,所得拮抗细菌属于阿氏肠杆菌Enterobacter asburiae和印度假单胞菌Pseudomonas indica。拮抗细菌表现出较强的青枯菌拮抗活性,其代谢物对青枯菌的抑制率达到90%以上。同时,拮抗细菌表现出较强的铁竞争优势,其代谢物中嗜铁素含量显著高于青枯菌代谢物。盆栽试验发现,所筛选的拮抗细菌能够在生姜根内有效定殖,并显著降低生姜根际青枯菌密度,姜瘟病发病率由90.10%降至21.43%,具有良好的生防效果。该研究为生姜地区姜瘟病防治提供重要的微生物资源。

Ginger bacterial wilt is a soil borne bacterial disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum,which seriously restricts the development of ginger industry.In this study,endobacteria from ginger root were isolated,and 7 antagonistic bacteria were screened by co-culture with R.solanacearum.The antagonistic endobacteria were identified as Enterobacter arburiae and Pseudomonas indica,respectively.Antagonistic endobacteria exhibit a strong antagonistic activity against R.solanacearum,with their metabolites have an inhibitory rate of over 90%against R.solanacearum.In addition,antagonistic endobacteria also exhibit a strong iron competitive advantage,with the ferritin content in their metabolites significantly higher than that in R.solanacearum metabolites.Experiment showed that the antagonistic endobacteria could successfully colonize in ginger root,significantly reduced the density of R.solanacearum in ginger rhizosphere,and control the incidence of bacterial wilt from 90.10%to 21.43%,showing a good biological control effect.This study provided valuable microbial resources for biological control of ginger blast in southern red soil area in China.