武夷菌素防治葡萄灰霉病的作用及机理

Suppression and Mechanism of Wuyiencin on Grape Gray Mold

为了探讨武夷菌素对葡萄灰霉病的防治效果及作用机理,本文通过菌丝生长速率测定、分生孢子萌发抑制测定、胼胝质沉积测定、离体叶片和果实防治等试验,发现武夷菌素可以抑制灰霉病菌的菌丝生长,浓度达到120μg/mL时,对菌丝的抑制作用达到94.3%;当浓度达到100μg/mL时,武夷菌素对葡萄灰霉病菌的孢子萌发抑制率可达到96.0%;通过离体叶片及果实防效试验发现,武夷菌素浓度达到120μg/mL时,防治效果分别为87.5%和96.6%。武夷菌素可以显著降低灰霉病菌的草酸合成能力,导致其致病力减弱,从而减轻灰霉病菌对寄主的侵染。武夷菌素能够通过诱导葡萄叶片的胼胝质沉积,增加葡萄组织的防御能力,从而起到有效防治灰霉病的作用。综上所述,武夷菌素对葡萄灰霉病具有良好的防治效果,可以作为生物防治药剂进行应用推广。

In order to investigate the control effect and mechanism of wuyiencin on grape gray mold,experiments were carried out through inhibition of hyphal growth and conidial germination,determination of callose deposition,and control effect of gray mold on grape leaves and fruits.It was found that wuyiencin could inhibit the hyphal growth of Botrytis cinerea,and when the concentration reached 120μg/mL,the inhibition effect on the hyphae was 94.3%.When the concentration reached 100μg/mL,the inhibition rate of wuyiencin on spore germination of B.cinerea could reach 96.0%;When the concentration of wuyiencin reached 120μg/mL,the control effect on gray mold of grape leaves and fruits were 87.5%and 96.6%,respectively.Wuyiencin could reduce the oxalic acid synthesis capacity of B.cinerea significantly,resulting in weakened pathogenicity,and thereby reducing the infection of B.cinerea to the grape tissue.Wuyiencin could increase the defense ability of grape tissue by inducing callose deposition in grape tissue,thus playing an important role in controlling gray mold.In conclusion,wuyiencin has a good control effect on grape gray mold and can be applied and promoted as a biological control agent.