安宁疗护中护士对终末期肿瘤患者死亡情绪体验的质性研究

A qualitative study of nurses'experience of death emotion in hospice care for patients with terminal cancer

目的 了解安宁疗护中护士对终末期肿瘤患者死亡事件的情绪体验.方法 采取目的抽样法,于2022年1月-2022年6月选择上海市东方医院吉安医院肿瘤科11名护士进行面对面的半结构式访谈,运用解释现象学对访谈资料进行整理分析.结果 安宁疗护护士对患者死亡事件的体验共总结出四个方面,包括情感体验、应对方式、对生活影响、困难与需求.结论 对终末期肿瘤患者进行安宁疗护的护士中普遍存在不安恐惧、悲伤失落、无助、麻木的负性情绪.部分受访护士通过自身应对得到反思和成长,也有护士出现情感损耗等负面状况.受访护士普遍认为情绪表达途径受限,缺乏外界支持和系统培训,临床对护士群体心理状况重视不足,应对安宁疗护护理人员提供多方面的外界支持,完善安宁疗护培训体系,提高护士应对死亡事件能力,提升疗护水平.

Objective To understand the emotional experience of nurses in hospice care on the death of terminal cancer patients.Methods From January 2022 to June 2022,11 nurses in the oncology department of our hospital were selected to conduct face-toface semi-structured interviews,and the interview data were sorted and analyzed by using interpretative phenomenology.Results The experience of hospice nurses on death events of patients was summarized in four aspects,including emotional experience,coping style,impact on life,difficulties and needs.Conclusion The negative emotions of anxiety and fear,sadness and loss,helplessness and numbness are prevalent among nurses who provide hospice care for end-stage cancer patients.Some of the interviewed nurses reflect and grow through their own coping,and some nurses have negative effects such as emotional loss.The interviewed nurses generally believed that the way of emotional expression was limited,lack of external support and systematic training,and clinical attention to the psychological status of the nurse group was insufficient.They should provide various external support to the hospice nursing staff,improve the hospice nursing training system,improve the ability of nurses to cope with death events,and improve the level of care.