美国“印太战略”中巴基斯坦身份塑造与中国的因应

Pakistan̓s Identity Shaping in the US.Indo⁃Pacific Strategy and China̓s Response

巴基斯坦作为印太地区的节点国家,却难以在美国主导的“印太战略”中准确定位自身的角色,是一个在印太体系中缺乏存在感的国家。但巴基斯坦也有着对“印太战略”的独特看法和主张。一方面,巴基斯坦对美国将印度塑造为印太地区“净安全提供者”的行为感到极为不满,将印度的这一身份转变视为一种迫切的现实威胁;另一方面,巴基斯坦也希望在美国“印太战略”中寻求一定的角色担当,充当“调解人”身份以期在中美之间左右逢源。同时巴基斯坦也试图借美国的“印太战略”来提升其在印太地区的影响力,借此摆脱来自印度的战略孤立。面对美国借“印太战略”在印太地区持续的势力扩张,未来中国可在与巴基斯坦的双边关系基础上扩大区域多边关系的接触,同时借助双方现有的技术、地缘等资源优势以加强互补,化解对美依赖的风险。通过打造中巴更加完善的双边和区域治理安排,不断增强对地区安全与发展的形塑能力。

As a nodal country in the Indo⁃Pacific region Pakistan has difficulty in positioning itself in the U.S.⁃ledIndo⁃Pacific strategy and is a country that lacks a presence in theIndo⁃Pacific system.However Pakistan also has a unique view and advocacy for theIndo⁃Pacific strategy.On the one hand Pakistan is extremely dissatisfied with the U.S.behavior of shaping India as aNet security provider in the Indo⁃Pacific region and sees this change in India̓s identity as an imminent and realistic threat.On the other hand Pakistan also hopes to seek a role in the U.S.Indo⁃Pacific Strategy and act as amediator in order to benefit from the U.S.and China.At the same time Pakistan is also trying to use the U.S.Indo⁃Pacific Strategy to enhance its influence in the Indo⁃Pacific region so as to get rid of the strategic isolation from India.In the face of the continued expansion of U.S.power in the Indo⁃Pacific region through theIndo⁃Pacific Strategy China can expand the contact of regional multilateral relations on the basis of bilateral relations with Pakistan and at the same time take advantage of the existing technological geopolitical and other resources of the two sides in order to strengthen complementarities and to resolve the risk of dependence on the United States.By forging better bilateral and regional governance arrangements between China and Pakistan it will continue to enhance its ability to shape regional security an development.