基于AHP-GRA-TPOSIS的自闭症儿童家庭康复干预产品设计研究

Design of Family Rehabilitation and Intervention Products for Autistic Children Based on AHP-GRA-TOPSIS

目的 为了在家庭场景中帮助自闭症儿童进行康复干预训练,提高其康复效果,基于“安全型依恋”和“沉浸理论”两种心理理论,对家庭康复干预产品进行设计研究,并建立最佳设计方案的评价模型。方法 以广州小天使康复训练中心为研究对象,通过文献综述、自然观察、问卷、访谈等用户研究方式确定定性指标,并使用Gephi对“安全型依恋”和“沉浸理论”的理论建构进行聚类分析。将层次分析法(AHP)、灰色关联法(GRA)和逼近理想解排序法(TOPSIS)三种方法综合运用,发挥各自优势避免局限性,用以建立自闭症儿童家用干预产品设计指导与评价模型,并进行深入的设计。结果 以改善自闭症儿童自身社会交往障碍、情绪障碍、认知障碍、感觉障碍四个方面为准则,建立“自闭症儿童家用康复产品设计”的设计指导与量化评估模型,并应用到自闭症儿童家用康复干预产品的设计实践中,再综合评估选择出最佳方案。结论 以“安全型依恋”和“沉浸理论”为理论基础建立的自闭症儿童家庭康复干预产品设计策略和评估方法,其评估过程科学,结果合理。通过设计实践,创造出科学有效的沉浸式康复干预体验,促进自闭症儿童构建安全型依恋关系,提高干预自闭症儿童的康复训练效果。

The work aims to design and study the family rehabilitation products based on the two psychological theo-ries of"safe attachment"and"immersion theory"and establish the evaluation model of the most suitable design scheme in order to help autistic children in rehabilitation training in the family scene and improve their rehabilitation effect.With Guangzhou Little Angel Rehabilitation Training Center as the research object,qualitative indicators were determined through user research methods such as literature review,natural observation,questionnaire and interview,and the Gephi APP was used to conduct cluster analysis on the theoretical construction of"safe attachment"and"immersion theory".The three methods of AHP,GRA and TOPSIS were comprehensively applied to fully utilize their respective superiority and avoid limitations,so as to establish the design guidance and evaluation model of family intervention products for au-tistic children and conduct in-depth design.The design guidance and quantitative evaluation model of"family rehabilita-tion product design for autistic children"was established based on the improvement of four aspects of autistic children including social interaction disorder,emotional disorder,cognitive disorder and sensory disorder.The model was applied to the design practice and the evaluation of the best scheme.The design strategy and evaluation method of family reha-bilitation products for autistic children based on"safe attachment"and"immersion theory"are scientific in evaluation process and reasonable in results.Through design practice,a scientific and effective immersive intervention experience is created to promote autistic children to build a safe attachment relationship,and improve the effect of rehabilitation train-ing for autistic children.