超声造影评估易损颈动脉斑块的研究进展

Progress in contrast-enhanced ultrasound assessment of vulnerable carotid plaque

近年来,中国脑卒中发病率呈显著上升趋势,颈动脉斑块的易损特征与脑卒中的发生、发展密切相关。易损斑块破裂的风险高,易引发脑血管事件,斑块内新生血管的生成是斑块易损的重要标志,以超声造影(CEUS)为代表的超声成像技术已广泛应用于新生血管形成的检测中。本文从动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成过程、动脉粥样硬化斑块易损性与斑块内新生血管、超声成像检测颈动脉斑块、颈动脉斑块超声成像新技术等方面进行综述,以期为心脑血管事件发生的预防与治疗提供指导。

In recent years,the incidence of stroke in China has shown a significant upward trend.The vulnerable carotid plaque are closely related to the occurrence and development of stroke.The vulnerable plaque has a high risk of rupture and is easy to cause cerebrovascular events.The formation of neovascularization in plaque is an important marker of plaque vulnerability.Ultrasound imaging techniques such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)have been widely used to detect formation of neovascularization.In this paper,the formation process of atherosclerotic plaque,the vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaque and the neovascularization within the plaque,the detection of carotid artery plaque by ultrasound,and the new ultrasound technology of carotid artery plaque are reviewed to provide guidance for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.