绩效优先与结构优化——试论中国人才项目遴选原则的竞争性与均衡性

Performance Priority and Structure Optimization——On the Competition and Balance of the Selection Principles of Talent Project in China

本研究结合相关的政策文本以及专家学者的访谈内容,以1994—2018年国家杰出青年科学基金项目(以下简称杰青项目)的获得者为分析对象,从竞争性与均衡性这两条线索切入,基于名额分配的视角来审视中国高层次人才项目的遴选原则。研究结果表明:在省份层面,杰青项目名额的分配体现出一定的绩效优先导向,而随着时间的推移,经济水平、教育程度、政治距离的影响有所增大,兼具结构均衡倾向;在院校层面,杰青项目在院校层面的分配一贯秉持绩效优先的原则,不过也体现出结构均衡的趋势。此外,杰青项目入选人数在省份之间的分布趋于均衡,但在院校之间的分布逐渐固化。

Based on the relevant policy texts and interviews with experts and scholars,taking the possessors of the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(NSF-DYS)from 1994 to 2018 as the analysis object,starting from the two clues of competitiveness and balance,this study examines the selection principles of China's high-level talent projects from the perspective of quota allocation.The results show that,at the provincial level,the allocation of the number of NSF-DYS reflects a certain orientation of performance priority.But over time,the allocation also shows a tendency of structural equilibrium because of the increasing influence of the economic level,education level and political distance;At the institutional level,the allocation of NSF-DYS has always attached importance to the priority of performance,it also reflects the trend of structural equilibrium.In addition,the distribution of outstanding young scholars among provinces tends to be balanced,but the distribution among colleges is gradually solidified.