社会工作者的离职意愿:行业内与行业外的比较

Intentions to Leave Among Social Workers:a Comparison Between Within and Outside the Social Work Profession

为了回答行业内、外离职意愿社工是否为两个相似的群体以及是什么因素导致有些社工想要离开社工行业而另一些社工却只是想换一家机构两个问题,采用中国社会工作者职业现状调查的子样本开展研究(n=1528)。结果表明,尽管行业外离职意愿社工在人力资源状况上并不显著优于行业内离职意愿社工,但行业外离职意愿社工比行业内离职意愿社工对当前职业和工作的态度或感受更消极,且家人对其从事社工职业的态度更消极,职业对家庭的影响也更消极。这一结果表明,行业内、外离职意愿社工并非两个相似(同质)的群体;Logistic回归分析的结果表明,社工是否为家庭经济主要来源、家人对社工从事该职业的态度,以及职业认同对社工的行业内、外离职意愿具有重要的影响。

To answer the questions of whether social workers who chose to work within or outside the social work profession after leaving the profession were two similar groups and what factors led some social workers to want to leave the profession while others just wanted to change to another agency,a study was conducted using a sub-sample of the Chinese Social Worker Professional Status Survey(n=1528).The results reveal that,despite social workers who chose to work outside the social work profession after leaving the profession not having a significant advantage in terms of human resource conditions compared to those who chose to work within the social work profession after leaving the profession,they hold more negative attitudes or feelings towards their current profession and work.Additionally,they face more negative attitudes from their family towards being involved in social work,and the profession has a more negative impact on their family.This suggests that social workers who chose to work within or outside the social work profession after leaving the profession are not two similar groups.Logistic regression analysis suggests that whether social workers are the main source of family income,the attitudes of family members towards social work,and professional identity all have important impacts on social workers’intentions to work within or outside the social work profession after leaving the profession.