湖南省留守儿童精神障碍风险现况及影响因素

Current status and influential factors of psychosis risk in left-behind children in Hunan Province

目的:探讨湖南省留守儿童精神障碍风险现况及其影响因素。方法:采用精神病前驱期问卷、流调中心抑郁问卷、压力知觉量表、简版心理弹性量表对2020年12月至2021年1月湖南省3025名留守儿童进行调查。结果:①湖南省留守儿童精神障碍风险筛查的阳性率为39.5%;②居住在城镇、不稳定父母婚姻、有精神疾病家族史、高水平压力知觉和抑郁症状是留守儿童精神障碍高风险的危险因素;③居住在农村、较好的家庭经济状况、高水平的心理弹性是留守儿童精神障碍风险的保护因素。结论:湖南省留守儿童精神障碍风险检出率相对较高,早期筛查抑郁症状,提高学生心理弹性,可以有效预防留守儿童的精神障碍风险。

Objective:To explore the current status and influential factors of psychosis risk in left-behind children(LBC)in Hunan Province.Method:A total of 3025 LBC from December 2020 to January 2021 in Hunan province were sampled to fill out the Prodromal Questionnaire,Center for Epidemiological Survey-Depression Scale,Perceived Stress Scale,10-item Cornor-Davidson Resilience Scale.Results:①The positive rate of psychosis risk screening was 39.5%in LBC;②Living in town,discordant parental marriage,family history of mental illness,and high level of perceived stress and depressive symptoms were risk factors for psychosis risk.③Living in rural areas,better family economic status,and high level of resilience were protective factors for psychosis risk.Conclusion:The positive rate of psychosis risk among LBC is relatively high in Hunan province.Early screening their depressive symptoms,and improving their resilience,can effectively prevent their psychosis risk.