两种气管套管固定方法在神经外科气管切开患者中的护理效果观察

Observation of nursing effect of two kinds of tracheal cannula fixation methods in patients with tracheotomy in neurosurgery

目的探讨改良型魔术贴固定带气管套管固定在神经外科气管切开患者护理管理中的应用效果。方法选取2022年1月至7月上海市东方医院吉安医院收治的100例神经外科气管切开患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组(50例)和观察组(50例)。两组均给予气管套管固定,其中对照组使用传统白色棉布条固定带,观察组使用改良版魔术贴固定带。比较两组患者的导管固定情况、皮肤损害发生情况、舒适度及满意度。结果观察组患者的更换固定带次数少于对照组,刺激性呛咳、导管移位、导管滑脱发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者的皮肤损害率低于对照组,皮损时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者的总舒适度及总满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论神经外科气管切开患者于护理期间使用改良型魔术贴固定带气管套管固定可减少固定带更换次数,降低导管所致不良事件发生率,减轻皮肤损害,舒适度较好,且患者的满意度较高。

Objective To explore the application effect of modified velcro band tracheal cannula fixation in the nursing management of patients with tracheotomy in neurosurgery.Methods A total of 100 patients with tracheotomy in neurosurgery admitted to Shanghai Dongfang Hospital Ji'an Hospital from January to July 2022 were selected as the research subjects,they were divided into the control group(50 cases)and the observation group(50 cases)by random number table method.Both groups were treated with tracheal cannula fixation,with the control group used traditional white cotton strip fixation straps and the observation group used modified velcro fixation straps.The catheter fixation,skin damage occurrence,comfort and satisfaction of two groups of patients were compared.Results The frequency of replacing the fixed strap in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,the incidence of irritating cough,catheter displacement and catheter slipping were lower than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The rate of skin damage in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,the duration of skin damage was shorter than that in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The total comfort and satisfaction of patients in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The use of modified velcro band for tracheal cannula fixation of patients with tracheotomy in neurosurgery during nursing can reduce the number of replacement of the fixation band,reduce the incidence of adverse events caused by the catheter,reduce skin damage,have good comfort,and have high patient satisfaction.