丹参渣和三七渣复合物中膳食纤维的提取工艺及其理化特性

Extraction and Physicochemical Properties of Dietary Fiber from Salvia miltiorrhiza Residue and Panax notoginseng Residue Complex

中药植物中含有丰富的纤维资源,对丹参渣和三七渣复合物中的膳食纤维进行提取,能够提高其利用价值,具有广阔的应用前景。本研究采用酶–化学法提取丹参渣和三七渣复合物的膳食纤维(SPRC-DF),通过单因素及L9(34)正交实验得到最优提取工艺为:α-淀粉酶添加量0.07%、NaOH质量分数3.5%、碱解温度90℃、碱解时间4 h,在此条件下总膳食纤维含量为90.68%。随后测得其主要含有纤维素(59.54%)、半纤维素(18.61%)、木质素(11.70%)和果胶(3.27%)。SPRC-DF的持水力为(7.75±0.23)g/g,持油力为(4.58±0.09)g/g,膨胀力为(5.42±0.17)mL/g,阳离子交换能力为(0.12±0.01)mmol/g,胆固醇吸附能力为(14.11±0.43)μg/g(pH 2.0)、(21.13±0.24)μg/g(pH 7.0),葡萄糖吸附能力为(3.41±2.63)μg/g。SPRC-DF的重金属含量符合GB 16740—2014《食品安全国家标准保健食品》中的国家限量标准。SPRC-DF粉体流动性较好,休止角、滑动摩擦角、松装密度、振实密度和压缩度均满足生产加工的输送需求。丹参渣和三七渣复合物中的膳食纤维具有良好的理化特性,适合作为保健食品的原料,本研究为其综合利用提供了理论支撑。

Traditional Chinese medicine plants are rich in fiber.The extraction of plant fiber from Salvia miltiorrhiza residue and Panax notoginseng residues complex can improve its utilization value,and has broad application prospects.In our present study,Salvia miltiorrhiza and Panax notoginseng residue complex dietary fiber(SPRC-DF)was extracted by enzymatic chemical method.The extraction process parameters were optimized by single factor and L9(34)orthogonal test as follow:α-amylase addition 0.07%,NaOH concentration 3.5%,alkaline hydrolysis temperature 90℃ and alkaline hydrolysis time 4 h.Under these conditions,the content of total dietary fiber was 90.68%,which was found to mainly contain cellulose(59.54%),hemicellulose(18.61%),lignin(11.70%)and pectin(3.27%).The water holding capacity of SPRC-DF was(7.75±0.23)g/g,the oil holding capacity was(4.58±0.09)g/g,the swelling capacity was(5.42±0.17)mL/g,the cation exchange capacity was(0.12±0.01)mmol/g,the cholesterol adsorption capacity was(14.11±0.43)μg/g at pH 2.0 and(21.13±0.24)μg/g at pH 7.0,and the glucose adsorption capacity was(3.41±2.63)μg/g.The heavy metal content was within the national limit specified in GB 16740—2014 National Food Safety Standard Health Food.SPRC-DF powder had good fluidity,and the angle of repose,slip angle,loose density,tap density and compressibility meet the transportation requirements of production and processing.Our study shows that the dietary fiber in the compound of Salvia miltiorrhiza residue and Panax notoginseng residue has good physicochemical properties and is suitable as a raw material for health food,thus providing theoretical support for its widespread use.