政务数据共享的法治难题及其破解

The Legal Problem of Government Data Sharing and Its Solution

政务数据共享是建设数字法治政府的关键路径,其逻辑在于政务数据共享具有推进整体型政府、高效型政府、服务型政府建设的三重核心功能。当前,政务数据的权属不明、政务数据共享范围规定原则化致使数据共享范围不明、政务数据共享对个人信息权益保障回应稍显不足等基础性问题制约着政务数据共享核心功能的实现。为推进政务数据共享高效进行、推进数字法治政府建设,应以数据来源主体为标准明确政务数据权属、以编制政务信息资源目录为切入点明确政务数据共享范围、以建构平衡个人信息安全和政务数据共享效率机制为切入点平衡政务数据共享和个人信息保护之间的关系。

Government data sharing is the key path to build a digital government ruled by law.Its logic lies in its triple core functions of promoting the construction of an integrated government,an efficient government and a service-oriented government.At present,the realization of the core function of government data sharing is restricted by some basic problems,such as the unclear ownership of government data,the unclear scope of government data sharing caused by the fuzzifiction of government data sharing,and the inadequate response of government data sharing to the protection of personal information rights and interests.In order to promote the efficient sharing of government data and the construction of a digital government ruled by law,we should define the ownership of government data based on the data source subject,define the scope of government data sharing based on the compilation of government information resources catalogue,and balance the relationship between government data sharing and personal information protection based on the construction of a mechanism to balance personal information security and government data sharing efficiency.