新时代中小学体育课程实施的路向嬗变与路径优化

Direction Transmutation and Path Optimization of Physical Education Curriculum Implementation in Primary and Secondary Schools in the New Era

新时代中小学体育课程实施路向的多元化进程经历了3个阶段:重分解轻综合的“多元突破”阶段、目标泛化过程混乱的“多元割裂”阶段、突出核心注重综合的“多元融合”阶段,新时代中小学体育课程实施路向要走向“核心”引领下的“多元融合”。基于此,提出了中小学体育课程实施的优化策略,如构建“运动能力”引领下的多元化课程目标体系,确立“基于课标”的校本化课程内容开发原则,注重“主题导向”的多元化课程单元设计思路,探索“自主参与”为导向的多元情境化课时设计策略,形成“主题比赛”为主线的多元化课外体育活动体系,营造“多向互动式”的多元化师生对话交流氛围,倡导“反馈与改进”为导向的多元化表现性课程评价等。

In the new era,the diversification process of the direction of PE curriculum implementation in primary and secondary schools has gone through three stages:the"multi-breakthrough"stage of focusing on decomposition and neglecting synthesis,the"multi-separation"stage of chaotic goal generalization process,and the"multi-integration"stage of highlighting the core and focusing on synthesis,and in the new era,the direction of PE curriculum implementation in primary and secondary schools should move towards"multi-integration"under the orientation of"the core".Based on this,the paper puts forward the optimization strategies for PE curriculum implementation in primary and secondary schools,such as constructing the diversified curriculum target system under the guidance of"sports ability",establishing the principles for the development of school-based curriculum content"based on the curriculum standard",focusing on the design ideas for"theme-oriented"diversified curriculum units,exploring the design strategies for multiple situational classes under the guidance of"autonomous participation",forming the diversified extracurricular sports activity system with"theme competition"as the main line,creating the"multi-directional interactive"diversified teacher-student dialogue and exchange atmosphere,and advocating diversified performance curriculum assessment under the guidance of"feedback and improvement".