“胜国宾师”:明遗民朱舜水与中日文化交流

“Distinguished Teachers From Overseas and Victory of State Guests”:Zhu Shunshui the Adherent of Ming Dynasty And the Cultural Exchanges Between China and Japan

中日两国有较长的交流交往历史。17世纪前期明遗民朱舜水出于特殊原因赴日讲学,对日本文化及之后历史发展有一定影响。其将明末清初的儒家思想有所扬弃地纳入日常讲学中,对日本士林颇有启发意义。将之置于东亚文化圈的宏观视野下进行观察,可以发现朱舜水在日活动对日本文化与儒家思想发展具有推动作用。出于遗民的政治诉求与理想表达,朱舜水鼓励日本发展儒学的相关言论与阐释也在一定程度上参与塑造了日本的民族自信,影响较大。

China and Japan have a long history of exchanges.In the early 17th century,Zhu Shunshui,a remnant of the Ming Dynasty,gave lectures in Japan for special reasons,which had a certain influence on Japanese culture and subsequent historical development.He selectively incorporated Confucianism in the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty into his daily lectures,which was quite enlightening to Japanese academic circle.It can be found that Zhu Shunshui’s activities in Japan promoted the development of Japanese culture and Confucianism.Due to the political appeal and ideal expression of the descendants,Zhu Shunshui’s relevant remarks and interpretations encouraging the development of Confucianism in Japan also participated in shaping the national confidence of Japan to a certain extent and had a great influence.