国际教育技术领域近十年项目化学习研究分析

An Analysis of the Research Trend of Project-Based Learning in the Field of International Educational Technology in Recent Ten Years

项目化学习是落实立德树人,培养核心素养,回答“怎样培养人”的有效方法,但当前项目化学习与课程教学的融合较为粗浅,更多关注项目化学习的一般性研究,没有指出将项目化学习与学科教学深度融合的有效方法。鉴于此,采用系统性文献综述的方法,通过文献计量、文献研究及具体案例等方法对国际教育技术领域项目化学习相关文献进行系统分析。研究发现:项目化学习是基于建构主义、实用主义和情境学习理论的一种以问题为驱动促进学生核心素养发展的有效学习模式;项目化学习的基本要素有真实情境、驱动性问题、协作性活动、反思评价和项目成果等。此外,项目化学习研究多采用实证研究方法且主要集中在高等教育领域,研究表明项目化学习对提高学习者的成绩、表现、团队协作、自我认知、情感、行为等都具有积极作用。最后,提出我国核心素养与项目化学习深度融合建议:将培养核心素养作为项目化学习的核心目标;构建基于核心素养的项目化学习设计模式;构建基于证据导向的项目化学习评价体系;引入其他领域成果完善基于核心素养的项目化学习。

Project based learning is an effective way to implement moral cultivation,cultivate core competencies and answer"how to cultivate people".However,at present,the integration of project-based learning and curriculum teaching is relatively shallow,more attention is paid to the general research of project-based learning,and no effective method is pointed out to deeply integrate project-based learning and discipline teaching.Therefore,this research adopts the method of systematic literature review to systematically analyze the relevant literature of project-based learning in the field of international educational technology through literature measurement,literature research and specific cases.The research finds that project-based learning is an effective learning mode based on constructivism,pragmatism and situational learning theory,which is problem driven to promote the development of students'core literacy;The basic elements of project-based learning include real situa⁃tions,driving problems,collaborative activities,reflective evaluation and project results.In addition,the research on project-based learning mostly adopts empirical research methods and mainly focuses on the field of higher education.These studies show that project-based learning has a positive effect on improving learners'achievements,performance,teamwork,self-awareness,emotion,behavior,etc.Based on this,the research attempts to put forward suggestions on the deep integration of core competencies and project-based learning in China:taking the cultivation of core competencies as the core goal of project-based learning,building a project-based learning design model based on core com⁃petencies,building an evidence oriented project chemistry evaluation system,and introducing achievements in other fields to improve project-based learning based on core competencies.