有氧运动对高血压患者动态血压的影响研究

Research on the Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients

高血压是常见慢性病,其全球发病率逐年上升,给患者家庭造成了严重的经济负担。运动疗法因副作用小、费用低、操作容易控制等优点而被多个高血压治疗指南所推荐。定期有氧运动可有效降低诊室血压,从而降低靶器官损伤风险。而动态血压比诊室血压更能预测靶器官损伤,因此研究有氧运动对动态血压的影响也很重要。研究通过中国知网、Web of science(WOS)、Google Scholar等数据库对近些年有关文献进行检索,梳理总结了有氧运动对高血压患者动态血压的干预机制及影响。研究发现,定期的中低强度的有氧运动能够有效降低高血压患者运动后24小时的动态血压。但相关研究表明,高血压具有多因素病因,因此有氧训练的降压作用可能涉及多种机制。目前,关于有氧训练后导致动态血压降低的机制尚不明确。未来的高血压运动干预研究应着重解决此问题,将有助于提高高血压患者的治疗效果。

Hypertension is a common chronic disease,with an increasing global incidence year by year,and it imposes a serious economic burden on patients'families.Exercise therapy has been recommended by multiple hypertension treatment guidelines due to its advantages of small side effects,low cost and easy control.Regular aerobic exercise can effectively reduce office blood pressure,thereby reducing the risk of target organ damage.Ambulatory blood pressure is more predictive of target organ damage than office blood pressure,so it is also important to study the impact of aerobic exercise on ambulatory blood pressure.The study retrieves relevant literature in recent years through the databases of CNKI,Web of Science(WOS)and Google Scholar,and combs and summarizes the intervention mechanism and effect of aerobic exercise on ambulatory blood pressure in hypertensive patients.It is found that regular low-and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise can effectively reduce hypertensive patients'ambulatory blood pressure in 24 hours after exercise.However,relevant research shows hypertension has a multi-factorial etiology,so the antihypertensive effect of aerobic training may involve multiple mechanisms.At present,the mechanism of the reduction of ambulatory blood pressure after aerobic training remains unclear,and future research on hypertensive exercise interventions should focus on solving this issue,which will help improve the treatment effect of hypertensive patients.