双侧迁移教学法在大学生网球双手反手教学中的运用研究

Research on the Application of the Bilateral Transfer Teaching Method in College Students'Tennis Two-Handed Backhand Teaching

目的:在网球运动中,由于优势手的使用频率高于非优势手,往往双手反拍技术(以下简称“双反”)与正手击球技术相比更易出现不均衡的发展,基于运动技能的双侧迁移规律,将双侧迁移教学法与传统教学法进行对比分析,旨在为网球教学实践环节提供一些理论支持。方法:随机选取大学生网球初学者为实验对象,同质分为两组后,实验组采用双侧迁移的教学方法,对照组使用传统的教学方法。结果:双侧迁移教学法在学生理解双反动作(P=0.442>0.05)、动作达到标准化(P=0.532>0.05)方面与传统教学法的作用一样,没有显著优势;在掌握双反击球的关键动作(P=0.004<0.01)、击球稳定性(P=0.031<0.05)、击球精准度(P=0.025<0.05)、击球深度(P=0.036<0.05)上,实验组存在显著优势。建议:采用双侧迁移的方法突破双反的教学难点,同时注意脚步与球感的练习,加强教学的趣味性及因材施教,以便取得更好的教学效果。

Objective:In tennis,as the dominant hand is used more frequently than the non-dominant hand,and the two-handed backhand(hereinafter referred to as double backhand)technique is often more prone to unbalanced development than the forehand hit technique.Based on the law of bilateral transfer of motor skills,the teaching method of bilateral transfer and the traditional teaching method are compared and analyzed,aiming at providing some theoretical support for the practice of tennis teaching.Methods:College tennis beginners were randomly selected as experimental subjects.After they were homogeneously divided into two groups,the experimental group was adopted the teaching method of bilateral transfer,and the control group was used the traditional teaching method.Results:The bilateral transfer teaching method had the same effect as the traditional teaching method on students'understanding of double backhand action(P=0.442>0.05)and the standardization of movement(P=0.532>0.05)and had no significant advantages,but the experimental group had significant advantages in mastering the key movements of the double backhand hit(P=0.004<0.01),hitting stability(P=0.031<0.05),hitting accuracy(P=0.025<0.05)and hitting depth(P=0.036<0.05).Suggestion:The method of bilateral transfer is adopted to break through the teaching difficulties of double backhand.When adopting this method,it is also necessary to pay attention to the practice of footsteps and ball sense,strengthen the interest of teaching and teach in accordance with students'aptitude,so as to achieve better teaching effect.