中国武术段位制改革研究

Research on Grade System Reformation of Chinese Wushu

在中华民族伟大复兴征程大步前进的当下,中国武术正从文化自信走向文化自强,武术段位制正是基于“建立规范的全民武术体系和技术等级评价标准”的初衷,积极推动中国武术的规范化和标准化,以图更好地继承发扬中华民族的优秀传统文化。然而,段位制推行虽已逾十年,却并未取得应有的效果。问题在于段位制的内容不是完整意义的中国武术;级位设置未能充分体现基本功的重要性;考评结构不全面,主体是武术套路,忽视了对功力和武德的有效评价;考评方式不准确,没有把握武术运动的基本规律;考评对象模糊,忽视初学者的学习体验和实际需要,混淆了技术段位和荣誉段位的范畴。由此该文提出要重新构建一个内容简洁统一、结构权重科学、练法学法务实、考评对象明确、级位设置合理、礼仪服饰规范的中国武术段位制。为了保障实施,应尽快修订《中国武术段位制手册》及配套教程,设置专门的管理机构,简化考评程序,提高考评效率,加强宣传,专点供应服饰器材,深度融入竞赛,使段位制更加规范化标准化,充分发挥段位制统筹武术发展的引领作用。

At a time when the journey of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is making great strides,Chinese Wushu is moving from cultural confidence to cultural improvement.The Wushu dan system actively promotes the normalization and standardization of Chinese Wushu based on the original intention of"establishing a standardized national Wushu system and technical level evaluation criteria",so as to better inherit and carry forward the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation.However,the dan system has not achieved the desired effect,although it has been implemented for more than ten years.The problems are that the content of the dan system is not Chinese Wushu in the full sense,the setting of the level fails to fully reflect the importance of basic skills,the evaluation structure is not comprehensive,the main body of which is Wushu routines and ignores the effective evaluation of force and skills and martial morality,the evaluation method is not accurate,which does not grasp the basic law of Wushu,the evaluation method is inaccurate and doesn't grasp the basic laws of Wushu,and that the evaluation object is vague,and it ignores the learning experience and actual needs of beginners,and confuses the scope of technical dan and honorary dan.Therefore,this paper proposes to reconstruct a Chinese Wushu dan system with concise and unified content,scientific structure weight,practical methods of practice and learning,clear evaluation objects,reasonable level setting and standardized ceremonial clothing.In order to ensure implementation,we should revise"the Manual of Chinese Wushu Dan System"and supporting courses as soon as possible,set up special management institutions,simplify evaluation procedures,improve evaluation efficiency,strengthen publicity,supply clothing and equipment at special points,and deeply integrate into the competition,so as to make the dan system more normalized and standardized,and give full play to the leading role of the dan system in coordinating the development of Wushu.