大当量集团装药水中沉底爆炸特性试验研究

Test Research on Underwater Bottom Explosion Characteristic of Large Equivalent Group Charge

为获得装药沉底爆炸对冲击波和气泡脉动的影响,开展大当量集团装药水中沉底爆炸试验,将试验结果与自由场条件下的理论计算结果进行对比分析,得到了大当量集团装药沉底爆炸的冲击波传播和气泡脉动特性,以及爆炸测量方位角对海底反射效果的影响。试验和计算结果对比分析显示,沉底爆炸时海底反射对冲击波起到明显增强作用,同一底质条件下测量方位角参数变化对反射作用效果影响较大,近水面测量的冲击波压力时程曲线产生明显的水面截断现象,同时沉底爆炸对气泡脉动影响较大,气泡脉动现象不明显,脉动压力峰值与自由场相比较小,验证了仿真计算和小当量试验的结论;同时,方位角变化对反射作用的影响,也影响到装药沉底爆炸的毁伤能力。

In order to obtain the impact of the bottom explosion of large equivalent charge on the shock wave and bubble pulsation,the bottom explosion test of large equivalent group charge is carried out under the same bottom material condition.The test results are compared with the theoretical calculation results under the condition of free field.The characteristic of the shock wave,bubble pulsation and the influence of the azimuth on the underwater reflection of large equivalent group charge bottom explosion are obtained.The analysis of the test and calculation results show that the underwater reflection plays a significant role in enhancing the shock wave during the bottom explosion.Under the same bottom material conditions,the change of measured azimuth has a great impact on the reflection effect.The shock wave pressure measured near the water surface has an obvious water surface truncation phenomenon.At the same time,the bottom explosion has a great impact on the bubble pulsation,the pulsation phenomenon is not obvious,and the peak pressure is smaller than the free field,the results of simulation calculation and small equivalent test are verified.At the same time,the influence of azimuth on reflection also affects the damage ability of charge bottom explosion.