新生儿高胆红素血症患儿肠道菌群分布情况及相关因素分析

Analysis of Intestinal Flora Distribution and Related Factors in Children with Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia

目的对新生儿高胆红素血症(HNB)的肠道菌群分布情况进行分析,并探索新生儿诱发HNB的危险因素。方法将2021年12月至2022年12月我院收治的200例新生儿HNB患儿纳入本研究的观察组,同期选择120例非HNB新生儿作为对照组。对两组新生儿的临床资料进行分析,比较两组的大肠埃希菌、双歧杆菌、乳杆菌分布情况,且应用多因素回归分析观察HNB的独立危险因素。结果两组的胎龄、羊水污染、胎膜早破、头颅出血、分娩方式、喂养方式、缺氧、溶血ABO、双歧杆菌、大肠埃希菌、乳杆菌水平相较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Logistic回归分析显示,胎龄<37周、羊水污染、胎膜早破、头颅出血、剖宫产、人工喂养、缺氧、双歧杆菌减少、溶血ABO、乳杆菌减少、大肠埃希菌增加是新生儿HNB诱发的独立危险因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论新生儿HNB的诱发危险因素多样,胎龄<37周、羊水污染、胎膜早破、头颅出血、剖宫产、溶血ABO、人工喂养、缺氧、双歧杆菌减少、乳杆菌减少、大肠埃希菌增加均会增加HNB发生风险。

Objective The intestinal flora distribution of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia(HNB)was analyzed,and the risk factors of HNB were induced in probe newborns.Methods 200 newborns with HNB admitted to our hospital from December 2021 to December 2022 were included in the observation group of this study,while 120 non HNB newborns were selected as the control group during the same period.Clinical data of the two neonatal groups were analyzed to compare the distribution of E.coli,Bifidobacterium,and Lactobacillus,and multivariate regression analysis was applied to observe the independent risk factors of HNB.Results The levels of gestational age,sheep water pollution,premature rupture of fetal membrane,cranial hemorrhage,delivery mode,feeding mode,hypoxia,ABO,bifidobacteria,Escherichia coli,and Lactobacillus were significant(P<0.05).The Logistic regression analysis showed that gestational age<37 weeks,sheep water pollution,premature rupture of membranes,cranial hemorrhage,cesarean section,artificial feeding,hypoxia,decreased bifidobacteria,haemolyzed ABO,decreased Lactobacillus,and increased Escherichia coli were independent risk factors for neonatal HNB,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion The inducing risk factors for neonatal HNB are diverse,including gestational age<37 weeks,sheep water pollution,premature rupture of membranes,cranial hemorrhage,cesarean section,hemolysis ABO,artificial feeding,hypoxia,decreased bifidobacterium,decreased Lactobacillus,and increased Escherichia coli all increase the risk of HNB.