上海市虹口区社区老人轻度认知障碍患病现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the prevalence and influencing factors of mild cognitive impairment among the older adults in Hongkou District,Shanghai

目的:据调查上海市虹口区社区老人的轻度认知障碍(MCI)患病现状,分析MCI的危险及保护因素,为MCI的早期发现与精准干预提供科学依据。方法:2020年12月~2021年8月期间,采用整群随机抽样抽取60岁及以上的上海市虹口区社区老人2500人,使用MMSE量表判断MCI,并通过logistic回归分析MCI的影响因素。结果:上海市虹口区社区老人的MCI患病率为12.1%。高龄、子女见面频率低、抑郁、低躯体疼痛、失能为MCI患病危险因素,高文化程度、中等强度的体育锻炼、较高的生理功能和生理职能以及较好的总体健康为MCI患病保护因素。结论:上海市虹口区社区老人的MCI患病率较全国其他地区略低。子女提高对老人的关注、增强体育锻炼、加强对抑郁等心理健康问题的筛查与干预及生理功能干预有利于预防MCI。

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment(MCI)among older adults in community of Hongkou District,Shanghai,to analyze the risk and protective factors of MCI,and to provide a scientific basis for early detection and precise intervention of MCI.Methods:Using cluster random sampling,2500 community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years and older in Hongkou District,between December 2020 and August 2021 were selected for the survey.The MMSE scale was used to determine MCI,and the influencing factors of MCI were clarified by logistic regression analysis.Results:The prevalence of MCI among older adults in community of Hongkou District,Shanghai was 12.1%.80~years old,monthly and less frequent visits with children,moderate to severe depression,low physical pain,and disability were risk factors for MCI prevalence.Education level was elementary,middle school or high school and above,moderate physical activity,better physical function,physiological function,and overall health were protective factors for MCI prevalence.Conclusion:The prevalence of MCI among older adults in community of Hongkou District is slightly lower than other regions of China.Enhanced screening and intervention for depression,improved physical activity,and interventions for physical function are beneficial to the prevention of MCI.