基于无人机倾斜摄影的桥梁实景三维建模应用

Application of Real Bridge 3D Modeling Based on UAV Tilt Photography

桥梁施工作业存在信息获取困难及观察不便等诸多问题,而山间桥梁施工作业更是如此。为更好地解决此问题,探索了无人机测量的3D实景仿真技术在桥梁施工现场的应用方法,分析比较无人机倾斜摄影技术及传统测量技术优劣势;提出一套完整的无人机数据采集工作流程及适用于桥梁施工现场的无人机倾斜摄影测量技术。对无人机获取的图像、信息数据进行识别分析,在此基础上利用软件生成可对桥梁施工现场全方位、全周期、全要素展示的三维场景模型。研究结果表明,该三维场景模型既可方便快捷地将施工作业区域及桥墩下部等人工作业难以到达区域的工程环境情况展示出来,又可实现桥梁工程作业现场信息采集与平面、空间数据测量,为桥梁施工现场全生命周期作业提供有效指导,具有广阔应用前景。

There are many problems in the construction of bridges,such as difficulties in obtaining information and inconvenient observation,especially in the construction of bridges in the mountains.In order to better solve these problems,this paper explores the application method of UAV 3D real scene simulation technology in bridge construction site,analyzes and compares the advantages and disadvantages of UAV tilt photography technology and traditional measurement technology,and gives the data acquisition and UAV workflow of UAV tilt photogrammetry technology suitable for bridge construction site.Through the automatic identification and calculation of UAV tilt photography data,the 3D scene model which can show the whole period and all elements of bridge construction site can be generated automatically by using software.The research results show that the 3D scene model can not only display the engineering environment of the construction area and the lower part of the pier,which is difficult to reach by manual operation,but also can realize the field information collection,plan and space data measurement of bridge engineering operation,which provides effective guidance for the whole life cycle operation of bridge construction site,and has broad prospects of its application.