多杀菌素菌渣无害化处理与肥料化利用研究

Experimental study on composting for fertilization utilization and harmless treatment of spinosad residues

针对抗生素发酵生产残余菌渣所引发的环境危害问题,以多杀菌素菌渣为研究对象,通过好氧堆肥工艺探究其资源化的可行性,设定不同的初始C/N,分析了反应过程中堆体pH、电导率(EC)、三维荧光图谱(3D-EEMs)等指标变化规律,并用初始C/N=20组的堆肥样品进行土壤模拟试验,以评估多杀菌素菌渣肥在使用过程中对土壤环境和微生物的影响。堆肥实验结果表明:多杀菌素去除率达到90%以上,堆体理化指标均处于适宜范围;3D-EEMs表明:堆肥过程中色氨酸类物质被微生物充分利用,腐殖酸类物质累积,堆体达到较好的腐熟效果;土壤模拟实验结果表明:1%和6%的抗生素残留低于检测限(多杀菌素A 2.0μg/kg,多杀菌素D 1.5μg/kg)。此外,投加了菌渣肥使土壤的微生物多样性提升。以上结果表明,多杀菌素菌渣经过堆肥化处理有助于改善土壤性能。

To address the environmental hazards caused by fermentation residues from antibiotic fermentation production,the feasibility of resource utilization of spinosad fermentation residue(SFR)by aerobic composting process with different initial C/N was investigated with the different pH,conductivity,three-dimensional fluorescence and other indicators.Soil simulation tests were conducted subsequently with the product of the initial C/N=20 group to evaluate the impact of composted SFR on the soil environment and soil microorganisms.The results of composting experiments showed that the removal rate of spinosad reached more than 90%,and the physical and chemical indexes of the pile were in the suitable range.The three-dimensional fluorescence pattern showed that tryptophan substances were fully utilized by microorganisms during the composting process,humic acid substances were accumulated,and the pile achieved a good maturation effect.The results of soil simulation experiments showed that composted SFR at dosages of 1%and 6%were below the detection limits(2.0μg/kg for spinosad A and 1.5μg/kg for spinosad D).In addition,the overall microbial diversity of the soils fertilized with composted SFR was increased.These results indicated that composite treatment of SFR could improve various soil properties.