术前导入式健康宣教配合心智觉知模式护理干预对心脏瓣膜置换手术患者心理状态及生活质量的影响

Effect of Preoperative Health Education and Awareness Model Nursing Intervention on Psychological State and Quality of Life in Patients Undergoing Heart Valve Replacement Surgery

目的 探讨术前导入式健康宣教配合心智觉知模式护理干预对心脏瓣膜置换手术患者心理状态以及生活质量的影响。方法回顾性分析本院2020年10月至2021年10月137例心脏瓣膜置换手术患者,将研究对象分为对照组(n=68)和观察组(n=69),对照组实施常规手术室护理,观察组实施术前导入式健康宣教配合心智觉知模式护理干预;比较护理前后两组患者的自我效能(GSES)评分、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数表(PSQI)、自我护理能力量表(ESCA)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、健康调查简表(SF-36);护理期间不良事件发生率、护理满意度。结果 观察组的平均住院时间显著短于对照组(P <0.05);干预后,两组GSES、ESCA评分出现显著上升,PSQI、HAMA评分显著下降,且观察组上述指标变化较对照组更显著(P <0.05)。干预后,两组生理功能、心理健康、社会功能评分均出现升高,且观察组高于对照组(P <0.05);观察组总不良事件发生率为8.70%,显著低于对照组的22.06%(P <0.05);观察组护理满意度为95.65%,显著高于对照组的86.77%(P <0.05)。结论 术前导入式健康宣教配合心智觉知模式护理干预可缩短患者住院时间,提高自我认知以及睡眠质量,调节负面情绪,改善生活质量,提高护理满意度。

Objective To explore the effect of preoperative health education and awareness model nursing intervention on the psychological state and quality of life of patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery.Methods A total of 137 patients with heart valve replacement surgery in our hospital from October 2020 to October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed,and the study subjects were divided into control group(n=68)and observation group(n=69).The control group was given routine operating room nursing,while the observation group was given preoperative introduction of health education and awareness model nursing intervention.The scores of self-efficacy(GSES),Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),Exercise of Self-care Agencyscale(ESCA),Hamilton Anxiety scale(HAMA)and Health Survey Short Form(SF-36),incidence of adverse events and nursing satisfaction during nursing.were compared between the two groups before and after nursing.Results The average length of hospital stay in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the difference was statistically significant.After intervention,GSES and ESCA scores increased significantly,while PSQI and HAMA scores decreased significantly,and the changes were more significant in the observation group(P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of physiological function,mental health and social function were increased in both groups,and the observation group was higher than the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse events in the observation group was 8.70%,significantly lower than that in the control group(22.06%),P<0.05.Nursing satisfaction in the observation group was 95.65%,significantly higher than 86.77%in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions Preoperative health education combined with mental awareness mode nursing intervention can shorten the length of hospital stay,improve self-cognition and sleep quality,regulate negative emotions,improve quality of life,and improve nursing satisfaction.