马铃薯新品种引进筛选试验

Introduction and Selection Test of New Potato Varieties

马铃薯产业是甘肃省定西市的特色主导产业,在农村经济发展中占有重要比重。为进一步优化品种结构,于2021~2022年在定西市以‘陇薯6号’为对照,对参试的12个马铃薯品种的物候期、田间性状、产量、品质和抗病性进行了2年的测定和评价。参试品种的熟性为中熟、中晚熟、晚熟和极晚熟。各品种出苗率均在84.7%~100%。‘14W-3’‘天薯17号’‘百泉1号’2年综合表现为抗病性强。2021年参试品种产量最高的是‘14W-3’和‘百泉1号’,分别为56936和56236 kg/hm2,较对照‘陇薯6号’分别增产42.10%和40.35%;‘F1-1-42’‘京张薯1号’‘天薯18号’产量分别为46469,46336和42869 kg/hm2,较对照‘陇薯6号’分别增产15.98%、15.64%、6.99%。2022年产量最高的是‘百泉1号’,为71087 kg/hm2,较对照‘陇薯6号’增产72.26%;其次为‘陇薯20号’,产量为57253 kg/hm2,较对照‘陇薯6号’增产38.73%;‘F1-1-42’‘DSS-35’‘14W-3’‘京张薯1号’产量分别为54753,53586,51919和51669 kg/hm2,较对照‘陇薯6号’分别增产32.68%、29.85%、25.81%、25.20%。‘14W-3’和‘百泉1号’两年产量相对稳定。各品种淀粉和还原糖含量相对较低。从抗病性、产量和产量稳产性、品质综合评价,‘14W-3’‘百泉1号’品种表现优良,可作为晚熟品种在甘肃省中部地区及同类生态区域示范种植。

Potato industry is the characteristic leading industry of Dingxi City,Gansu Province and occupies an important proportion in the development of rural economy.In order to further optimize the variety structure,a screening test of new potato varieties was carried out in Dingxi City in 2021-2022.Phenophase,plant traits,yield,tuber quality and disease resistance of 12 potato varieties were tested and evaluated for two years using'Longshu 6'as the control.The maturities of the tested varieties were medium,medium-late,late and extremely late.The emergence percentage of each variety was between 84.7%-100%.'14W-3','Tianshu 17'and'Baiquan 1'had strong disease resistance in two years.In 2021,'14W-3'and'Baiquan 1'had the highest yield,which were 56936 and 56236 kg/ha,respectively,42.10%and 40.35%higher than that of the control'Longshu 6';the yields of'F1-1-42','Jingzhangshu 1'and'Tianshu 18'were 46469,46336 and 42869 kg/ha,respectively,which were 15.98%,15.64%,6.99%higher than that of'Longshu 6'.In 2022,the yield of'Baiquan 1'was the highest,71087 kg/ha,which was 72.26%higher than that of the control'Longshu 6',followed by'Longshu 20',57253 kg/ha,which was 38.73%higher than that of the control'Longshu 6';the yield of'F1-1-42','DSS-35’,'14W-3'and'Jingzhangshu 1'was 54753,53586,51919 and 51669 kg/ha,respectively,increased by 32.68%,29.85%,25.81%,and 25.20%compared with the control'Longshu 6'.The yields of'14W-3'and'Baiquan 1'were relatively stable in two years.The content of starch and reducing sugar in tested varieties was relatively low.Based on the comprehensive evaluation of disease resistance,yield,yield stability,and quality,'14W-3'and'Baiquan 1'perform well,which could be used as late-maturing varieties for demonstration planting in central Gansu Province and similar ecological regions.