304不锈钢大型零件切削残余应力分析与预测优化

Cutting residual stress analysis and prediction optimization of 304 stainless-steel large-size parts

以304不锈钢大型零件车削加工产生的表层残余应力为研究对象,探讨了3个切削参数(切削速度、切削深度、进给量)和2个刀具参数(刀具前角和刀具后角)对表层残余应力的影响,并以残余应力为目标函数,以5个切削工艺参数为因素进行正交实验优化设计,结果表明:进给量是对残余应力的最大影响因素。在现有切削加工参数基础上得到了2组最优的组合方案:(1)切削速度为6.5 r/min,切削深度为1 mm,刀具前角为0°,进给量为0.8 mm,刀具后角为20°;(2)切削速度为6.5 r/min,切削深度为0.8 mm,刀具前角为0°,进给量为0.8 mm,刀具后角为20°。

Taking the surface residual stress of 304 stainless steel large size parts produced by rough turning as the research object,the effects of three cutting parameters(cutting speed,cutting depth,feed rate)and two tool parameters(tool rake angle and tool clearance angle)on the surface residual stress were discussed.Taking the residual stress as the objective function and five cutting process parameters as factors,optimization design was carried out by the orthogonal experiment.The results showed that the feed rate was the most influential factor on the residual stress,and based on the existing cutting parameters,two groups of optimal combination schemes were obtained:(1)the cutting speed was 6.5 r/min,the cutting depth was 1 mm,the tool rake angle was 0°,the feed rate was 0.8 mm,and the tool rake angle is 20°;(2)The cutting speed was 6.5 r/min,the cutting depth was 0.8 mm,the tool rake angle was 0°,the feed rate was 0.8 mm,and the tool rake angle was 20°.