百色市少数民族地区中老年居民骨质疏松预防相关知识调查及影响因素分析

The survey and analysis of osteoporosis prevention-related knowledge and influencingfactors in middle-aged and elderly residents of minority areas in Baise city

目的了解百色市少数民族40岁及以上居民对骨质疏松(osteoporosis,OP)预防相关知识的知晓情况,并进一步分析影响因素,促进“健康骨骼”专项策略的推进。方法采用骨质疏松预防知识问卷,整群抽样抽取百色市5个社区,每个社区便利抽取97名40岁及以上的常住少数民族居民进行问卷调查。结果本地中老年居民骨质疏松相关知识总得分为(11.87±2.31)分,条目均分为(0.46±0.09)分,只有19人(4.25%)的居民总分达到及格;各维度中,危险因素为(4.84±1.41)分,运动知识为(3.59±1.05)分,钙摄入知识为(3.44±1.09)分。单因素分析显示年龄、婚姻状态、文化程度、经济状况、职业不同的百色市少数民族中老年居民骨质疏松预防相关知识认知水平不同,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);多元线性回归分析显示,文化程度、婚姻状态、年龄、职业是骨质疏松预防相关知识认知水平的影响因素。结论百色市少数民族居民骨质疏松预防相关知识水平较低,医务人员或健康教育工作者需要持续的开展各种形式的骨质疏松预防知识普及活动,重点关注高龄、小学及以下文化程度、不在婚和失业/待业的居民,着重关注这些居民对宣教的反馈,及时地改善这些居民的知识盲区。

Objective To investigate the level of awareness in regarding with osteoporosis prevention-related knowledge among ethnic minority residents aged 40 and older in Baise city,and to further analyze the influencing factors to promote the implementation of the“Healthy Bones”special strategy.Methods A questionnaire on osteoporosis prevention knowledge was used to conduct a cluster sampling of 5 communities in Baise city.A convenient sampling method was employed to select 97 permanent ethnic minority residents aged 40 and older from each community for the questionnaire survey.Results The total score of osteoporosis-related knowledge in local middle-aged and elderly residents was(11.87±2.31)score,with an average score of(0.46±0.09)in each item.Only 19 residents(4.25%)achieved a passing score.Among the different dimensions,the risk factors was(4.84±1.41)score,exercise knowledge was(3.59±1.05)score,and calcium intake knowledge was(3.44±1.09)score.Univariate analysis showed that middle-aged and elderly residents of minority areas with different age,marital status,education level,economic status and occupation had different cognition level for osteoporosis prevention-related knowledge in Baise city,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that educational level,marital status,age,and occupation were influencing factors of the level of osteoporosis prevention-related knowledge.Conclusion Ethnic minority residents have a low level for osteoporosis prevention-related knowledge in Baise city,medical personnel or health educators need to continuously carry out various forms of activities to disseminate osteoporosis prevention-related knowledge.Special attention should be given to elderly residents,residents with primary education or below and residents who are unmarried or unemployed.It is important to focus on the feedback from these residents in regarding with health education and improve their knowledge blindness in time.