区块链的激励机制权益证明共识算法改进方案

Improved Proof of Stake Scheme Based on Incentive Mechanism Improvement Scheme for the Proof of Stake Consensus of Blockchain Incentive Mechanism

针对权益证明PoS出块奖励分配不合理这一问题,提出了一种基于激励机制的权益证明共识算法(Incentive-PoS)。首先,对研究问题进行描述,即PoS决定了持币更多的节点获得记账权的概率更大,并且出块奖励由出块者独占;其次,为解决奖励分配的问题,提出基于激励机制的PoS共识算法Incentive-PoS,利用博弈论中的沙普利原理对出块奖励进行再分配,信用度高、积极参与共识的节点都能得到分红,小节点获得收益的可能性变大;最后,对改进算法进行模拟实验与结果分析,相比于原算法,改进方案在分配收益上表现更加合理,提升了获得分红的节点数量、缩小了节点的贫富差距、提高了共识积极性,并且在吞吐量、时延、安全性方面都明显提升。Incentive-PoS算法有利于改善区块链中因财富差距过大而产生的分层现象,进一步促进了区块链网络的健康运行和发展。

To solve the problem of unreasonable distribution of PoS block rewards,a proof of stake based on incentive(Incentive-PoS)consensus algorithm was proposed.Firstly,the research problem was described.A PoS determined that nodes with more coins have a greater chance of obtaining accounting rights,and the block reward was exclusively owned by the block producer.Secondly,in order to solve the problem of reward distribution,a PoS consensus algorithm based on incentive mechanism was proposed,which uses Shapley′s principle in game theory was uesd to redistribute block rewards.Nodes with high credibility and active participation in consensus would receive dividends,and made small nodes more likely to obtain benefits.Finally,the simulation experiment and result analysis of the improved algorithm were carried out.Compared with the original algorithm,the improved scheme had a more reasonable performance in the distribution of income,and increased the number of nodes receiving dividends,reduced the gap between the rich and the poor,and improved the enthusiasm of consensus.And the throughput,latency,and security have been were significantly improved.It was beneficial to improve the stratification phenomenon caused by the excessive wealth gap in the blockchain,and could further promote the healthy operation and development of the blockchain network.