我国灾难心理学学科建设发展路径研究

Research on the Development Path of Disaster Psychology Discipline Construction in China

立足于党的二十大胜利召开的时代背景,为更好贯彻落实“健康中国”战略,需要进一步完善灾难心理学学科体系,推动灾难心理学在新阶段实现理论创新和实践创新。自“5·12”汶川大地震到抗击新冠疫情,我国本土灾难心理学学科从萌芽逐渐走向茁壮。然而,当前灾难心理学学科建设与我国本土文化不适配等问题依然突出,亟须妥善规划我国灾难心理学学科发展的可行路径,以多种举措主动融入社会心理服务体系。具体而言,我国灾难心理学可从发挥中国特色社会主义制度优势出发,将灾难心理预防元素融入基层应急管理;加强以学校为阵地的常态化灾难心理教育,做好社会科普工作;深入领会灾难心理学的交叉学科属性,广泛调动具有相关专业背景的社会力量,完善灾难心理学人才培养体系;扩展灾难心理学学科影响力,助力我国防灾减灾工作。

Based on the background of the 20th CPC National Congress,we seek theoretical and practical innovations for disaster psychology in the new stage to better implement the strategy of“Healthy China”and provide references for further improvement of the disciplinary system of disaster psychology.By systematically sorting out the experience in the development of China's local disaster psychology discipline from the psychological assistance in Wenchuan Earthquake rescue to the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic,we outline the problems that need to be solved in the construction of the disaster psychology discipline and propose a feasible path for the development of China's disaster psychology discipline,as well as a way to integrate into the social psychological service system.Firstly,we should give full play to the advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and work under the centralized and unified leadership of the Party.Secondly,we should integrate disaster psychology prevention elements into grassroots emergency management to better serve the new practice of grassroots governance.We need to strengthen normal disaster psychology education with schools as the front and do an excellent job of social science popularization.We also need to have an in-depth understanding of the cross-disciplinary properties of disaster psychology,mobilize social forces with relevant professional backgrounds,improve the disaster psychology practitioner training system,expand the influence of the disaster psychology discipline,and help China's disaster prevention and mitigation work.