从康德到维特根斯坦——论《逻辑哲学论》的先验维度

Studies on Modern and Contemporary German Philosophy From Kant to Wittgenstein——On the Transcendental Dimensions of Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus

《逻辑哲学论》既阐发了早期分析哲学的基本思想,还实现了对康德先验哲学的改造、继承和推进,形成分析传统中的另类“先验哲学”。前期维特根斯坦哲学的先验维度体现为:在总体框架上,通过现代逻辑的运用把康德的理性批判转变为语言批判,彻底实现了西方哲学的“语言转向”;在方法论维度上,把康德先验论证中的“图型法”改造成先验性的“逻辑图像论”,实现了现代哲学的逻辑实在论;在哲学形态上,把先验认识论转变为先验意义理论,创建了分析哲学中的形而上学。

In Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus,in addition to the explanation of basic ideas of early analytic philosophy,there are also transformations,inheritance as well as advancement of transcendental philosophy of Kant,thus another kind of transcendental philosophy is formed.So the transcendental dimensions of early Wittgenstein are followings.Firstly,from the overall framework,Wittgenstein transforms the Critic of Pure Reason to the Critic of Language thus the Linguistic Turn of western philosophy has been completely realized.Secondly,from the dimension of methodology,he transforms the Schema of a-priori argument to the transcendental Theory of Picture,so the realization of the logical realism of modern philosophy has been reached.Thirdly,on the metaphysical side,Wittgenstein shifts the transcendental epistemology to transcendental semantics,and the metaphysics of analytic tradition has been established.