城市公园游客属性、身体活动与场地条件关系研究

Study on the Relationships between Tourists'Characteristics,Physical Activity Level and Site Conditions

城市公园对身体活动的开展具有重要意义。以广州市4个城市公园为研究对象,使用BRAT和SOPARC方法分别对公园活动场地的条件和游客身体活动情况进行调查。利用SPSS统计软件,辅以访谈数据,对游客属性、身体活动水平与场地条件之间的关系进行分析,结果表明:1)城市公园未能充分满足游客开展中高强度身体活动的需求;2)不同属性群体关注的场地条件不同,但都非常看重休憩设施和阴凉程度;3)静止活动受周边环境、休憩设施和阴凉程度影响明显,中强度活动基本不受场地条件影响,高强度活动受地形变化和阴凉程度影响较大;4)中高强度活动多发生在具有康体设施的区域,但该类设施数量不足,无法满足多年龄段的活动需求。提出了提高亚热带地区游客身体活动水平的公园规划措施,包括增设休憩设施和遮阴性绿植,并搭配芳香植物;设计多变的地形,增加场地趣味性;增设多年龄段康体项目与遮蔽设施;划分平整块状空间鼓励集体活动;通过事件策划吸引青少年参与活动等。

Urban parks are important for physical activity(PA).Taking four urban parks in Guangzhou as the research objects,the site conditions of the activity space in the park were investigated by using the BRAT and the SOPARC to observe the PA of tourists.Supplemented by interview,the results show that:1)Urban parks fail to adequately meet tourists'needs for medium and high levels PA;2)Groups of different attributes focus on different site conditions,but they all attach great importance to rest facilities and shade;3)Static PA is affected by surrounding environment,rest facilities and shade,medium level PA is not affected by site conditions,and high level PA is more affected by varying terrain and shade;4)Medium and high levels PA are mostly taking place in areas where recreational and sports facilities exist,but due to the insufficient number of such facilities,it cannot meet the needs of multiple age groups.Park planning measures that are conducive to improving the PA level of tourists in subtropical areas are put forward,including adding rest facilities and shaded greenery,paired with aromatic plants,designing variable terrain to increase the interest of the site,adding multi-age recreational and sports projects and shelter,dividing the flat block space to encourage collective activities,attracting youth to participate in activities through event planning,etc.