美国《0~5岁儿童身体活动指南(第3版)》的解读与启示

Interpretation and Enlightenment of American Physical Activity Guidelines for Children From Birth to Age 5,3rd Edition

运用文献资料法和逻辑分析法,从研制背景、研制原则、结构特点、核心内容等方面,对美国《0~5岁儿童身体活动指南(第3版)》进行介绍和解读。发现,该《指南》核心内容主要包括强调基本动作技能的早期干预、落实儿童身体活动的强度、强调通过引导使儿童参加身体活动、注重团队协同干预4个方面。在此基础上,结合我国实际情况,提出坚持政府牵头主导,多元主体共同参与研制指南;基于儿童身心特点,提出引导儿童参与身体活动的具体建议;结合我国儿童身体发育特点,科学安排儿童身体活动的强度;构建家校协同育人的身体活动干预体系。

By using the methods of literature and logical analysis,this paper introduces and interprets the Physical Activity Guidelines for Children From Birth to Age 5,3rd Edition in the United States from the aspects of development background,development principles,structural characteristics and core content.It is found that the core content of the guide mainly includes four aspects:emphasizing early intervention of basic movement skills,implementing the intensity of children’s physical activity,emphasizing the participation of children in physical activity,and paying attention to team collaborative intervention.On this basis,combined with the actual situation in China,it is proposed to adhere to the government-led,multi-subject participation in the development of guidelines;based on the physical and mental characteristics of children,put forward specific suggestions to guide children to participate in physical activities;combined with the characteristics of children’s physical development in China,scientifically arrange the intensity of children’s physical activity;to construct a physical activity intervention system for home-school collaborative education.