作者和编辑对学术出版中作者学术不端行为的认知差异及防治措施

Cognitive Differences of Authors and Editors and Preventative and Governance Measures for Authorial Misconductin Academic Publishing

为调查作者及编辑对学术出版中作者学术不端行为的认知差异以及造成学术不端行为的原因,基于文献调研结果,从学术不端行为的主要责任者和审查者两个角度设计针对作者和编辑的学术不端行为调查问卷,通过问卷星发放问卷并获得调查数据。结果显示:(1)作者和编辑对剽窃、伪造、篡改等严重学术不端行为有统一且正确的认知,对不当署名、一稿多投、重复发表等行为存在认知差异,且对其危害性认识不足。(2)学术不规范行为的具体表现中,部分是学术不端行为,因存在一定的隐蔽性而被误判,体现出对相关规范制度了解不深刻;部分是学术不当行为,需要在出版中就学术规范性加强审核与引导。(3)造成学术不端行为最主要的个人因素是迫于科研成果产出、职称晋升、获取学位等的压力,最主要的制度因素是对学术不端、学术不当行为的具体表现界定不清晰,最主要的环境因素是学术研究中深受不良环境影响,功利主义、浮躁、夸大等现象普遍。最后基于调查结果对学术不端行为的防治提出建议,以期为防范治理学术不端行为提供参考。

To investigate the cognitive differences of author and editor for authorial misconduct in academic publishing and its causes,based on the results of literature research,questionnaires on academic misconduct for authors and editors from the perspective of primary writing and reviewing were designed.Through Sojump online platform,questionnaires were distributed and survey data was obtained.The results show that:(1)Authors and editors have a unified and correct cognition of serious academic misconduct such as plagiarism,fabrication and falsification,while there are differences in cognition of inappropriate authorship,multiple submissions and duplicate publications,and there is insufficient awareness of their harmful effects.(2)Some of the specific manifestations of academic irregularities are academic misconduct,which are misjudged due to a certain degree of concealment.It reflects a poor understanding of the relevant norms and systems.Some are academic misbehaviors,which require greater scrutiny and guidance in relation to normality in academic publishing.(3)The most important personal factor contributing to academic misconduct is the pressure of scientific results,promotion,acdemic degree,etc.The most significant institutional factor is ambiguity in defining the specific manifestations of academic misconduct and academic misbehaviors.And the most primary environmental factor is the prevalence of utilitarianism,impatience and exaggeration in academic research.Finally,some suggestions based on the results of the investigation,are put forward in order to provide reference for prevention and treatment of academic misconduct.