数字贸易对吸引外商直接投资的影响

The impact of digital trade on attracting foreign direct investment

数字贸易迅猛发展,企业能够以大数据与云计算技术为支撑,通过虚拟跨国公司网络的形式组织生产,直接投资的必要性下降。数字贸易增加了智慧资源在价值链网络上的重要性,依赖数据资源的跨境企业比以前更需要定位于产业集聚中心。以数字基础设施以及数字化贸易两个维度度量数字贸易水平,以中国设区市数据为样本来源进行实证分析后发现:发展数字贸易对中国吸引外商直接投资具有促进作用;提升东部地区数字基础设施水平对外资的促进效应大于中西部地区,而提升中西部地区数字化贸易水平对外资的促进效应大于东部地区。此外,研究结论还表明,数字经济时代的国际贸易与跨境投资具有互补性,目前外商对中国的投资已经跨过了单纯的资源或市场寻求型阶段,这对于新发展格局下稳外资、稳外贸具有重要的政策启示。

With the rapid development of digital trade,enterprises can organize production in the form of virtual multinational corporation network with the support of big data and cloud computing technology,so the necessity of direct investment has decreased.Digital trade has increased the importance of smart resources in the value chain network,and cross-border enterprises that rely on data resources need to be positioned as industrial agglomeration centers more than ever before.This paper measures the level of digital trade from two dimensions:digital infrastructure and digital trade.After empirical analysis using the data from China’s cities with districts as the sample source,it is found that the development of digital trade can promote China to attract foreign direct investment;Improving the level of digital infrastructure in the eastern region has a greater promoting effect on foreign investment than that in the central and western regions,while improving the level of digital trade in the central and western regions has a greater promoting effect on foreign investment than that in the eastern region.In addition,the research conclusions also show that international trade and cross-border investment are complementary in the era of digital economy,and the current foreign investment in China has crossed the stage of simple resource or market seeking,which has important policy implications for stabilizing foreign investment and foreign trade under the new development pattern.