国内外幼儿动作技能、身体素质研究进展、思考与启示

The Research Progress,Thinking and Enlightenment of Action Skills and Physical Quality of Young Children at Home and Abroad

目的:分析国内外动作技能、身体素质研究的进展情况,以期为我国幼儿体育事业发展提供参考。方法:通过EBSCO、NCBI、Spring Link和Cnki等多个数据库检索文献,根据论文研究的主题进行文献的选择。结果:共纳入71篇文献;国外幼儿基本动作技能方面的研究比较多,主要是由教师或专家主导,干预时间8周以上,干预时长30min左右的干预模式,对促进幼儿基本动作技能发展效果显著。国内幼儿基本动作技能干预研究起步较晚,近几年高层次研究成果显著增加。国内外幼儿身体素质及体质方面高层次的研究成果较少,需加强这方面的高层次实验研究。权利政策保障、学校保障、社区保障和家庭保障等四个方面的保障是实现幼儿动作技能发展和身体素质改善的重要条件。结论:国内学者在借鉴国外动作技能和身体素质发展测评工具和干预模式时,注意进行本土化处理,结合我国幼儿身体发育特点,开发更适合我国幼儿动作技能发展和身体素质提升的测评工具和干预模式,为我国幼儿体育发展提供支撑。

Objective:To analyze the progress of Action skills and physical quality of Young Children research at home and abroad with a view to providing reference for the development of children physical education in China.Methods:The literature was searched by various databases,such as EBSCO,NCBI,Spring Link and Cnki,and the literature was selected according to the subject of the thesis.Results:A total of 71 literatures were included.The study on basic operation skills of young children was mainly dominated by teachers or experts,the intervention time was more than 8 weeks,the intervention time was about 30 minutes,and the effect on the development of basic operation skills of young children was significant.In recent years,the research results of the basic action skill of the children in the country have started relatively late,and the high-level research results in recent years have At home and abroad,the high-level research results of the physical fitness and physical constitution of the young children need to be strengthened in this respect.The guarantee of rights policy,the guarantee of the school,the community guarantee and the family guarantee are the important conditions for the development of the children action skills and the improvement of the physical quality.Conclusion:The domestic scholars,with reference to the foreign action skill and the physical fitness development evaluation tool and the intervention mode,pay attention to the localization process,combine the characteristics of the children physical development in our country,and develop the evaluation tool and the intervention model which is more suitable for the development of the children action skills and the improvement of the physical quality in our country.And provides support for the development of the children sports in our country.