竹热解气化副产物改性制备高性能成型活性炭及其表征

Preparation and Characterization of High Performance Formed Activated Carbon by Modification of By-products from Bamboo Gasification

以竹热解气化产生的炭副产物为原料,高分子化改性焦油等为黏结剂,经液压成型、热解交联、水蒸气活化制备竹质成型活性炭,分析了不同黏结剂的成型机制,考察了黏结剂类型、改性焦油添加量、活化温度、活化时间对活性炭性能的影响,结果发现:焦油经芳香化交联改性后,相对分子质量和热稳定性提高了,对竹炭孔道的堵塞作用减轻了,炭颗粒间的黏结和热解交联作用增强了,可制备高性能的竹质成型活性炭,以40 g竹炭粉为原料,在改性焦油添加量12 g、炭化温度550℃、炭化时间90 min、水蒸气活化温度850℃、水蒸气活化时间80 min的条件下制得成型活性炭,其碘吸附值1232 mg/g,亚甲基蓝(MB)吸附值240 mg/g,强度91%,得率48.5%,比表面积和总孔容分别为1157 m^(2)/g和0.4781 cm^(3)/g,对甲苯和四氯化碳的吸附率分别为385 mg/g和75.2%,且成型活性炭的微孔孔容与甲苯和四氯化碳吸附率呈正比关系。

Using carbon by-products produced by bamboo gasification as raw material and the polymerized modified tar as the binder,the bamboo formed activated carbon was obtained by hydro-forming,pyrolytic cross-linking and followed by water vapor activation.The forming mechanism of different binders were analyzed,and the properties of activated carbon were investigated,such as the variety of the binder,the adding amount of modified tar,the activation temperature and the activation time.The results showed that after modification by aromatization and cross-linking,the molecular weight and thermal stability of tar were improved;the blocking effect of bamboo char pore channels was reduced;the bonding and pyrolytic cross-linking between char particles were enhanced;and high-performance bamboo forming activated carbon could be prepared.Using 40g bamboo charcoal as raw material,the tar addition amount of 12 g,the carbonization temperature of 550 ℃,the carbonization time of 90 min,the activation temperature of 850 ℃ and the activation time of 80 min,the iodine adsorption value of the formed carbon was 1 232 mg/g,the methylene blue(MB) adsorption value was 240 mg/g,the strength was 91%,and the yield was 48.5%.The specific surface area and total pore volume were 1 157 m^(2)/g and 0.478 1 cm^(3),respectively.The adsorption rates of toluene and carbon tetrechloride were 385 mg/g and 75.2%,respectively.And the adsorption rate of toluene and carbon tetrechloride was positively related to the micropore volume of formed activated carbon.