毛竹竹秆加压热水提取工艺优化及化学成分分析

Optimization of Pressurized Hot Water Extraction Technology and Chemical Composition Analysis from Moso Bamboo Stalks

以毛竹竹秆为原料,以毛竹竹秆提取物的干物质得率为优化指标,在单因素试验基础上,利用响应面法优化了竹秆加压热水提取工艺参数,得到较佳提取条件为4年生毛竹,提取温度165℃,提取时间30 min,料液比1∶12.5(g∶mL)。此条件下,毛竹竹秆提取物的干物质得率为12.44%,与预测值(12.56%)相近。采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC/MS)检测了毛竹竹秆加压热水提取物和加热回流水提取物的化学组成,结果表明:鉴定出毛竹竹秆加压热水提取物化学组成成分23种(53.30%),含量远高于加热回流水提取物的化学组成成分13种(27.90%),其活性成分主要有松柏醛、香兰素、丁香醛、乙酰丁香酮、4-乙烯基-2-甲氧基苯酚、2,3-二氢苯并呋喃和糠醛。

Taking moso bamboo stalks as raw material and the dry matter yield of moso bamboo stalks extract as the optimization index,the response surface methodology was used to optimize the process parameters of pressurized hot water extraction of compounds from bamboo stalks.The optimum extraction conditions were as follows:4-year-old moso bamboo,extraction temperature of 165 ℃,extraction time of 30 min,solid-liquid ratio of 1 ∶12.5.Under these conditions,the dry matter yield was 12.44%,which was close to the predicted value(12.56%).The chemical composition of the pressurized hot water extract and the heating reflux water extract of moso bamboo stem was detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC/MS).The results of GC/MS analysis showed that the chemical composition(content of 53.30%) of 23 kinds of pressurized hot water extracts from bamboo stems was much higher than that of 13 kinds of heated reflux water extracts(27.90%),and mainly contained active ingredients such as coniferaldehyde,vanillin,syringaldehyde,acetosyringone,4-vinyl-2-methoxyphenol,2,3-dihydrobenzofuran and furfural.