长岛庙岛湾贝类养殖容量评估

Assessment of shellfish carrying capacity in Miaodao Bay of Changdao Island

为评价庙岛湾海域水质和沉积物质量状况,开展了海洋环境调查,筛选与贝类养殖存在竞争关系的附着生物。将叶绿素a作为贝类生长的限制性因子,运用方建光模型,以长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)为评估对象,评估庙岛湾贝类养殖容量。结果表明,庙岛湾海洋环境状况良好,水质符合第二类海洋水质标准,沉积物符合第一类海洋沉积物质量标准,庙岛湾与养殖贝类存在竞争关系的附着生物有贻贝、玻璃海鞘、带偏顶蛤和柄海鞘,庙岛湾筏式养殖长牡蛎(壳高9.5~11 cm)单位面积养殖容量为77 ind./m^(2)。分析贝类养殖存在的问题,建议合理规划养殖区,调整养殖结构,引进新品种,按养殖容量限额养殖等。

The marine environment in Miaodao Bay was investigated to evaluate the water quality and sediment quality,and to screen the attached organisms which were in competition with shellfish culture.Taking chlorophyll-a as the limiting factor of shellfish growth,using Fang Jianguang model,taking Crassostrea gigas as the evaluation object,the shellfish carrying capacity in Miaodao Bay was evaluated.The results showed that the marine environment of Miaodao Bay was in good condition,the water quality conformed to the second marine water quality standard,and the sediment conformed to the first marine sediment quality standard.Mytilus galloprovincialis,Ciona intestinalis,Modiolus comptus were the most competitive attachment organisms in Miaodao Bay,and the raft culture capacity of oyster(shell height 9.5 cm-11 cm)was 77 ind./m^(2).This paper analyzed the problems existing in shellfish culture,and suggested to plan the culture area reasonably,adjust the culture structure,introduce new species and limit the culture capacity.