我国大豆产业发展现状分析及对策

Analysis and Countermeasure of Soybean Industry Development Status in China

大豆产业振兴对我国粮食生产安全和社会稳定具有重要推动作用。本文以历年国家统计年鉴数据为研究对象,通过分析我国大豆产业发展现状,总结大豆产业现存问题,提出对策建议。结果表明:近年来我国大豆总产、单产及种植面积均低于世界平均水平,大豆出口量逐年减少,进口量逐年升高且未来仍有升高趋势,进口依存度较高。我国大豆总产波动较大,总体呈逐年上升趋势;大豆单产呈逐年增加趋势,年均增长率为0.6%;除北方春大豆区种植面积显著增加外,其他大豆产区种植面积均呈显著减少趋势。我国大豆消费量较大、豆制品加工产业集中、产能较低,国际竞争性不强。基于我国大豆生产现状,结合大豆生产实际,提出了加大科研投入,推广高产高效栽培技术;优化拓宽大豆进口渠道,加强国际合作;完善我国大豆加工业发展的对策建议。

The revitalization of soybean industry played an important role in promoting food production security and social stability in China.This article took national statistical yearbook data from previous years as the research object,analyzed the current development status of China's soybean industry,summarized the existing problems of the soybean industry,and proposed countermeasures and suggestions.The results showed that in recent years,China's total soybean yield,yield per unit area and planting area were lower than the world average level,soybean exports were decreasing year by year,imports were increasing year by year and imports were still increasing in the future,and the dependence on imports was relatively high.The total yield of soybean in China fluctuated greatly and showed an overall upward trend year by year.Soybean yield per unit area increased year by year with an average annual growth rate of 0.6%.Except for the significant increase in the spring soybean area in northern China,the planting area in other soybean producing areas showed a significant decrease trend.China's soybean consumption was large,and soybean products processing industry was concentrated,low production capacity and weak international competitiveness.Based on the current situation of soybean production in China and combined with the actual situation of soybean production,it was proposed to increase scientific research investment and promoting high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology;Optimized and expanded soybean import channels,strengthened international cooperation;Suggestions for improving the development of China's soybean processing industry.