人心果多糖/壳聚糖复合可食膜的制备及性能分析

Preparation and properties analysis of polysaccharide/chitosan composite edible membrane of Achras sapota L.

以人心果为原料,通过热水及热碱提取法得到人心果水溶性多糖(AWSP)和碱溶性多糖(AASP),并分析其基本成分和结构。以壳聚糖(CS)为主要成膜基质,通过添加不同含量的AWSP和AASP(以CS质量计),探讨其对壳聚糖复合可食膜理化性能的影响。结果表明:AWSP和AASP中多糖含量分别为51.20%±0.00%和22.16%±0.20%,红外光谱证明了多糖特征吸收峰的存在。当AWSP添加量为4%时,复合膜不透明度最高;当添加量为2%时,复合可食膜的拉伸性能最佳;当添加量为3%时,复合可食膜透油系数最小,为(4.06±0.86)g·mm·m^(-2)·d^(-1)。当AASP添加量为3%时,复合可食膜透油系数最小,为(1.60±0.06)g·mm·m^(-2)·d^(-1);当添加量为2%时,复合可食膜的不透明度最高。综上所述,添加适量的人心果多糖能明显提高可食膜的光阻隔性和拉伸性能,改善其阻油性能。

Using Achras sapota L.as raw material,the water soluble polysaccharide(AWSP)and alkali soluble polysaccharide(AASP)of Achras sapota L.were obtained by hot water and hot alkali extraction,and their basic components and structures were analyzed.Using chitosan(CS)as the main membraneforming matrix,the effects of different contents of AWSP and AASP(based on the mass of CS)on the physicochemical properties of chitosan composite edible membrane were investigated.The results showed that the polysaccharide contents of AWSP and AASP were 51.20%±0.00%and 22.16%±0.20%,respectively.The infrared spectrum confirmed the existence of characteristic absorption peaks of polysaccharides.When the amount of AWSP added was 4%,the opacity of the composite membrane was the highest.When the amount of AWSP added was 2%,the tensile performance of the composite edible membrane was the best.When the amount of AWSP added was 3%,the composite edible membrane had the smallest oil permeability coefficient,which was(4.06±0.86)g·mm·m^(-2)·d^(-1).When the amount of AASP added was 3%,the composite edible membrane had the smallest oil permeability coefficient,which was(1.60±0.06)g·mm·m^(-2)·d^(-1).When the amount of AASP added was 2%,the opacity of the composite edible membrane was the highest.In conclusion,adding appropriate amount of Achras sapota L.polysaccharide could significantly improve the light barrier and tensile properties of the edible membrane,and improved its oil barrier performance.