地铁列车客室通风的数值仿真研究

Numerical Simulation of Metro Train Passenger Compartment Ventilation

目的:为了对某地铁列车客室空调通风风道及客室空间的气流组织分布情况进行评估,需要采用仿真分析手段,在列车风道设计阶段对客室空间流场及温度场分布情况进行分析估。方法:采用Star-CCM+软件,建立包含送风道、回风道、导流结构及内装构成风道结构,以及风道内部的线束、排水管、门机构、电器箱,客室内座椅及门窗等在内的三维几何模型,应用多面体网格离散计算域,对风道及客室典型截面的空间流线、速度场、压力场及温度场等进行综合仿真分析。结果及结论:送风道送风均匀,具有良好的导流及流量分配作用。回风道内门机构、电器箱等部件的存在,减小了回风面积,致使局部风速增大。客室空间气流组织分布均匀。客室内部微正压,温度分布均匀。空调通风系统整体技术方案满足工程设计要求。

Objective:To evaluate the airflow organization and distribution conditions in the air-conditioning ventilation air ducts and space of a metro train passenger compartment,it is necessary to adopt simulation analysis method for analyzing and assessing the spatial flow field and temperature field in passenger compartment during train air duct design phase.Method:The Star-CCM+software is employed to establish a 3D geometric model that includes the supply air duct,return air duct,flow control structures,interior components of the duct structure,the wiring harnesses,drainage pipes,door mechanisms,electrical enclosures inside ducts,and compartment interior elements such as seats,doors and windows.The simulation utilizes a polyhedral mesh to discretize the computational domain and conducts comprehensive simulation analysis of spatial streamlines,velocity fields,pressure fields,and temperature fields for the typical cross-sections of ducts and compartment.Result&Conclusion:The supply air duct provides uniform air distribution and performs well in guiding and allocating airflow.The presence of components such as door mechanisms and electrical enclosures in the return air duct reduces the effective area,resulting in increased local airflow velocity.The spatial airflow organization and distribution in compartment are uniform.The compartment interior maintains a slight positive pressure,and the temperature distribution is uniform.The overall technical solution of the air-conditioning and ventilation system meets the engineering design requirements.