中低速磁浮列车基础制动装置制动效率的影响因素

Factors Influencing the Braking Efficiency of Medium-low Speed Maglev Train Basic Brake Device

目的:为了更好地提高制动系统性能,对中低速磁浮列车基础制动装置制动效率的影响因素进行研究。方法:以中低速磁浮列车用无间隙调整机构的基础制动装置为研究对象,对制动输出效率影响因素进行理论分析和试验验证。结果及结论:空气压力越小,制动效率越低,闸瓦/闸片磨耗量越大,制动效率越低;当空气压力低于一定程度时,制动效率的降低更为明显;空气压力越小,闸瓦/闸片的磨耗对制动效率的影响越大,即同样的磨耗量下,制动力的离散性更大。在进行基础制动装置设计时,应合理选择弹簧参数、制动倍率、摩擦因数、闸瓦/闸片磨耗量等参数,尽量降低空气压力、闸瓦/闸片磨耗量对制动效率的影响;在进行制动系统设计时,应注意结合基础制动装置本身特性,合理设定各制动级位下的制动压力,尽量减小空气压力和闸瓦/闸片磨耗量对制动效率的影响。

Objective:To improve braking system performance,the factors influencing the braking efficiency of MLM(medium-low speed maglev)train basic brake device are studied.Method:The basic brake device with a zero-gap adjustment mechanism used in MLM trains is taken as the research object.The influencing factors over braking output efficiency are analyzed theoretically and verified through experiments.Result&Conclusion:The lower the air pressure,the lower the braking efficiency and the greater the wear amount of brake shoes/brake pads,especially when the air pressure falls below a certain level,the reduction in braking efficiency becomes more pronounced.As the air pressure decreases,the wear of brake shoes/brake pads has a greater impact on braking efficiency,resulting in greater discreteness of braking force under the same amount of wear.In the design of basic brake device,it is necessary to select appropriate spring parameters,brake pedal ratio,friction coefficient,and wear amount of brake shoes/brake pads,while minimizing the effects of air pressure and brake shoe/pad wear amount on braking efficiency.In the design of braking system,it is important to consider the characteristics of the basic brake device and set the braking pressure for each braking level appropriately,aiming to minimize the influence of air pressure and brake shoe/pad wear on braking efficiency.