清代咏藏诗的文学史意义——以驻藏大臣诗为对象的考察

The Literary and Historical Significance of Chanting Tibet Poetries:Taking the Amban's Poetries in Qing Dynasty as the Example

以驻藏大臣及其随员、入藏将军及其文员为创作主体的咏藏诗人群体,其创作的咏藏诗,既拓展了清代文学的地理边界,又丰富了清代诗歌的表现范围,赓续了中国诗歌中贞刚、壮大的诗风。此类诗将诗人建立功业的决心、报答君王的恩遇融入对雪域险峻高山、峡谷的描写中,凸显出封建士大夫对社稷、黎民的责任与担当,以及积极进取的精神人格。此外,驻藏大臣向来从蒙、满官员中铨选,因而清代咏藏诗人具有了多民族身份,他们将藏语词汇音译入诗,其创作本身便践行着中华多民族互融的文学史观。

Chanting Tibet poetriesin Qing Dynasty,created by Amban and his followers,generals who garrison in Tibet and their civil personnels,expanded the geographical boundaries of Qing literature and enriched the expression range of Qing Dynasty poetry.In this way,it continued the grand and strong styles of Chinese poetry.Chanting Tibet poets showed their determination to defending Tibet,compared repaying the emperor's kindness to the description of the steep mountains and valleys of the snowy region.Their poetries represented their positive personalities and their responsibility for the country and the people.Chanting Tibet poets were Mongolian and Manchu,they transliterated Tibetan words into poetries.Therefore,the creation of poems was the practice of Chinese multi-ethnic integration of literary history view.