硒肥土施位置对小麦生理特性及硒积累的影响

Effect of Selenium Fertilizer Application Position on Physiological Characters and Selenium Accumulation in Wheat

为明确富硒有机肥在土壤中不同的施用位置对小麦生理特性及富硒效果的影响,以‘鑫麦296’为试验材料,在与小麦根际水平距离5和10 cm处,同时与土表垂直深度5、10、15 cm处土施硒肥,对6个处理条件下的小麦成熟期农艺性状、产量因素、硒含量及硒积累量等指标进行测定。运用隶属函数法综合分析可得,与其他施用位置相比,将硒肥施于小麦根际水平距离5 cm、土表垂直深度5 cm位置时(T1处理)可获得较优肥效。在此条件下,小麦平均株高达67.18 cm,每株平均干物质量为20.30 g,产量达820.17 g·m^(-2),植株硒积累量为10.85μg·株^(-1),均显著高于其他处理,且所含硒元素以硒代蛋氨酸和硒代胱氨酸等有机态硒为主。因此,建议在富硒小麦生产中可在小麦根际水平距离5 cm、土表垂直深度5 cm位置施用硒肥从而获得较好的产量和富硒效果,为富硒小麦精准施肥提供了理论参考。

Different application positions in soil of selenium-enriched organic fertilizer(Se-fertilizer)will lead to various effects on physiological characters and selenium(Se)accumulation in wheat.‘Xinmai 296’was used as the material,and Se-fertilizer was applied at the horizontal distances of 5 and 10 cm from the wheat rhizosphere and at the vertical depths of 5,10,15 cm from the soil surface.The agronomic traits,yield factors,selenium content and selenium accumulation of wheat were determined under each treatment condition.By using the membership function,the fertilizer efficiency was better than others when Se-fertilizer was applied at 5 cm horizontal distance from wheat rhizosphere and 5 cm vertical depth from soil surface(T1 treatment).Under this condition,the height of wheat plant was 67.18 cm,the dry matter quality of each plant was 20.30 g,the yield was 820.17 g·m^(-2),the accumulation of selenium in each plant was 10.85μg,which were significantly higher than those of other treatments,and selenomethionine and selenocystine were the main types for selenium element in plant.Therefore,this location for applying Se-fertilizer could be recommended for the production of selenium-enriched wheat to obtain better yield and Se accumulation effect,which provided a theoretical reference for precise fertilization of selenium-enriched wheat production.