氮肥形态耦合促进马铃薯生长

Nitrogen fertilizer form coupling improves potato growth

为明确氮素形态耦合及土壤氮转化过程调控措施对作物氮肥利用率的影响,在田间试验条件下研究了不同铵态氮肥用量(纯氮225.0、168.8和112.5 kg/hm^(2))±硝化抑制剂、不同硝态氮肥用量(纯氮225.0、168.8和112.5 kg/hm^(2))对马铃薯生长的影响。研究结果显示,与施用硝态氮肥相比,铵态氮肥的施用显著提高了马铃薯的产量和氮素吸收量;随铵态氮肥用量的提高,马铃薯产量具有增加的趋势,而不同硝态氮肥用量处理对马铃薯薯块产量无显著影响;铵态氮肥配施双氰胺(DCD)可以有效提高土壤铵态氮含量,增加马铃薯薯块产量(特别是大中薯产量)。马铃薯产量与土壤铵态氮含量呈显著正相关关系,与硝态氮含量没有明显关系。研究结果说明氮素形态耦合能够促进作物生长、提高作物氮肥利用率,对氮肥减量增效具有重要的指导意义。

In this study,a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen(N)fertilizer forms and N transformation process regulation measures on potato yield,nutrient accumulation and N use efficiency(NUE).The treatments were treated with different rates of ammonium fertilizer(AF,225.0,168.8 and 112.5 kg/hm^(2))±nitrification inhibitors(dicyandiamide,DCD),nitrate fertilizers(NF,225.0,168.8 and 112.5 kg/hm^(2)).The results showed that,compared with NF treatments,AF significantly improved potato yield and N uptake.The yield of potato was increased with the increasing of AF rates,but showed no change with NF rates.Compared with AF or NF,the combined of DCD with AF increased the yield of potato too.There was a significant positive correlation between potato yield and soil ammonium nitrogen content.The results of this study indicated that N form coupling could promote crop growth,which can provide basic theory for improving crop NUE and reduce N losses.